AIL DALI C1 flashcards
AIL DALI C1 · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Skimming
- Reading a text quickly to grasp the general idea, text type and organisation without processing every word. It precedes detailed reading.
- Scanning
- Moving the eyes rapidly over a text to locate specific information such as a date, name or number, ignoring unrelated content.
- Main idea
- The central point a paragraph or passage conveys, usually stated in a topic sentence near the beginning or end.
- Inference
- A conclusion drawn from evidence in the text rather than stated directly; it must be supported by what the author wrote.
- Not Given
- A task option that is neither confirmed nor contradicted by the passage, even if it seems plausible in real life.
- Reference word
- A pronoun or phrase such as it, they or the former that points back to a previously mentioned noun phrase with matching number.
- Distractor
- An incorrect option that reuses vocabulary from the passage while altering, exaggerating or reversing the original meaning.
- Predicting content
- Anticipating likely answers, word classes and topics from question stems before the recording begins to guide selective listening.
- Paraphrase in listening
- The restatement of an idea in different words, so the correct option rarely matches the audio wording exactly.
- Signposting language
- Words such as firstly, however or to sum up that announce the structure of a talk and where the speaker is going.
- Self-correction cue
- Phrases like actually or sorry, I meant that cancel a figure or statement just given, replacing it with the correct one.
- Minimal pair
- Two words differing in one sound, such as thirteen and thirty, distinguished by vowel length, stress and final consonants.
- Order of questions
- The principle that most listening task items are answered in the same sequence as the recording, so a missed item should be abandoned.
- Present perfect
- A tense formed with have or has plus the past participle, linking a past action to the present without a finished time marker.
- Third conditional
- If plus past perfect in the condition and would have plus past participle in the result, describing unreal past situations.
- Reported speech backshift
- Moving a verb one tense into the past when reporting, with time and place words adjusted, as in today becoming that day.
- Uncountable noun
- A noun with no plural form and no indefinite article, such as information, advice, furniture or news.
- Collocation
- A habitual word partnership that native usage fixes, such as make a decision, do homework or pay attention.
- Prepositions of time
- In with months and years, on with days and dates, at with clock times and fixed phrases such as at night.
- Modal of deduction
- A modal verb expressing how certain a speaker is, from must for strong certainty to might for possibility and can't for impossibility.
- Register
- The level of formality suited to an audience, ranging from formal writing without contractions to informal conversational style.
- Cohesion
- The linking of sentences and paragraphs through connectors, pronouns and repeated references so the text reads as one unit.
- Topic sentence
- The opening sentence of a paragraph that states its central point and is then supported by evidence or examples.
- Formal email frame
- A greeting, an opening purpose statement, the body with a clear request, and a conventional sign-off such as Yours sincerely.
- Homophone error
- Confusing words that sound alike but differ in spelling and meaning, such as their and there or its and it's.
- Editing checklist
- A fixed review sequence covering agreement, tense consistency, articles, prepositions and spelling before submitting written work.
- Circumlocution
- Describing an unknown word with other words, such as the thing you use to open a bottle, to keep speaking fluently.
- Turn-taking signal
- A phrase such as could I just add or what do you think that politely claims or yields the conversational floor.
- Contrastive stress
- Extra emphasis on one word to change the implied meaning, as in stressing this in I said this one, not that.
- Connected speech
- The linking, elision and assimilation of sounds in rapid speech that make phrases like want to sound like wanna.
- Functional exponent
- A fixed phrase performing a speech act, such as in my view for opinion or I couldn't agree more for agreement.
- Self-repair
- Correcting one's own speech mid-utterance with a phrase like what I mean is, preserving coherence instead of restarting.