AL Security Guard flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Citizen's arrest authority
- A private person may arrest for a felony or breach of the peace committed in the person's presence and must deliver the arrestee to a magistrate without unnecessary delay.
- Deadly force limit
- A private guard may use deadly force only in defense of self or another against imminent death or serious physical injury, not merely to protect property.
- Objective reasonableness
- Force is judged by what a reasonable person knew at the moment, considering offense severity, immediate threat, and active resistance or flight.
- Miranda applicability
- Miranda warnings apply only to custodial interrogation by government agents; private guards are not required to give them, though coercion may still create liability.
- Theft value thresholds
- Alabama grades theft by value: up to $500 misdemeanor, over $500 to $1,500 Class C felony, over $1,500 to $2,500 Class B, over $2,500 Class A.
- Robbery elements
- Robbery requires force or threat of force used in the course of a theft; first degree involves a deadly weapon or serious physical injury.
- Burglary elements
- Burglary requires unlawful entry of a building with intent to commit a crime inside; degree depends on dwelling status and whether a person is present.
- Criminal trespass notice
- A person commits criminal trespass by entering or remaining unlawfully after notice, which may be oral, written, or posted at the premises.
- Menacing definition
- Menacing is placing another person in fear of imminent serious physical injury by physical action, without actual physical contact.
- Self-defense statute
- Alabama permits force, including deadly force, when a person reasonably believes it necessary to defend against unlawful force, subject to retreat and aggressor rules.
- Chain of custody
- A documented record of every transfer of evidence showing date, time, receiving person, and seal condition to prove integrity in court.
- Facts versus conclusions
- Reports should describe observable behavior, times, and statements rather than labels like suspicious or nervous, which are conclusions.
- Patrol observation baseline
- Knowing what is normal for a post, including lighting, doors, and occupancy, allows a guard to detect anomalies quickly.
- Suspect description order
- Describe sex, race, age, height, weight, hair, eyes, clothing, distinguishing features, and direction of travel in that order.
- Life safety priority
- In any emergency, protecting human life comes before protecting property and before preserving the scene.
- Active threat response
- Run if safe, hide if not, and fight only as a last resort; untrained guards should not confront an armed attacker.
- Incident command transfer
- The first responder establishes command and transfers it formally with a briefing; command is not assumed by rank alone.
- Bomb threat call
- Record exact wording, note background sounds, keep the caller talking, and follow the facility's evacuation and search protocol.
- De-escalation techniques
- Lower voice volume, slow speech, use the person's name, offer choices, and maintain safe distance to reduce tension.
- Bias-free contact
- Decisions must rest on behavior and articulable facts, never on race, ethnicity, religion, sex, or appearance.
- Media inquiries
- Refer all media questions to the designated spokesperson and never release names, images, or incident details.
- Complaint handling
- Listen, record facts, avoid admitting liability, and route the complaint to the designated authority for follow-up.
- Tailgating risk
- Tailgating, where an unauthorized person follows an authorized one through a door, is the most common access-control failure.
- Visitor management log
- Record name, purpose, host, time in, time out, and badge issuance, and escort visitors in restricted zones.
- PASS extinguisher technique
- Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep side to side until the fire is out.
- Key control
- Maintain a key log, use numbered keys, and rekey when a key is lost or an employee separates from the organization.
- Alabama security regulator
- The Alabama Security Regulatory Board licenses guards and contract security companies and enforces training and conduct requirements.
- License carry requirement
- Guards must carry their license or registration card while on duty and produce it on request of the Board or law enforcement.
- Ethical decision order
- Act lawfully first, then follow policy, then serve the client's interest; never trade law or safety for convenience.
- Radio transmission protocol
- Identify the unit, state the message, and acknowledge; keep transmissions brief and use plain language when possible.
- Report structure
- Cover who, what, when, where, why, and how in chronological order with times and named sources.
- Correcting report errors
- Correct errors with a single line-through and initials rather than erasing or using correction fluid, preserving the original entry.