ALOA CMAL flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Shear line

The boundary between the plug and the cylinder shell where all wafer or pin splits must align for the plug to rotate freely.

Wafer lock

A lock using flat sliding wafers in the plug that must be raised or lowered to a single shear position by the correct key bitting.

Maximum adjacent cut

The largest permitted difference in depth between neighboring cuts on a key, ensuring the key enters and turns without binding.

Key bitting string

The ordered list of cut depths for each space along the key blade, derived from a code or decoded from a cylinder.

Impressioning

A decoding technique using a blank key marked by contact with tumblers, progressively filed until the lock turns and the bitting is read.

Transponder chip

A small RFID device in the key head that responds to an immobilizer challenge with an identification code before the vehicle will start.

Cloning a transponder

Copying a fixed-code chip's identifier into a blank chip, which works only on non-cryptographic systems and not on rolling-code chips.

All-keys-lost procedure

A programming sequence that erases stored key IDs from the immobilizer and enrolls new keys when no working original key is available.

Ignition cylinder release pin

A small retaining pin or tab that must be depressed or aligned, often by rotating the cylinder, before the lock can be withdrawn from the housing.

Steering lock actuator

A mechanical bolt driven by the ignition cylinder that engages the steering shaft when the key is removed to prevent rotation.

Code series

The manufacturer-assigned numbering scheme linking a key code to its bitting, used to cut a key without the original.

Ward

A raised obstruction in the keyway that requires a matching groove on the key blade, restricting which blanks can enter the lock.

Pin tumbler stack

The key pin, driver pin, and spring assembly in each chamber that must sit at the shear line for the plug to turn.

Decoding a cylinder

Reading tumbler positions from a disassembled or picked lock and converting them into cut depths for a replacement key.

Immobilizer system

An electronic anti-theft circuit that compares a key's transponder response with stored data and enables starting only on a valid match.

Proof of ownership

Documentation such as a registration or title, matched to photo identification, that must be verified before producing keys or programming a vehicle.

NASTF SDRM

A secure registry that verifies locksmith credentials before releasing manufacturer service information and key codes to registered subscribers.

VIN verification

Comparing the dashboard, door jamb, and title VIN plates to confirm the vehicle identity and detect cloned or salvage-rebuilt vehicles.

OBD-II programming port

The standardized diagnostic connector used to communicate with the vehicle's modules for key enrollment and immobilizer service procedures.

Challenge-response

An authentication exchange in which the immobilizer sends a random value and the key must return the correct encrypted reply to be accepted.

Rolling code

A remote or transponder scheme in which the transmitted value changes each use, preventing simple capture and replay of a prior signal.

Key count record

A documented tally of keys currently enrolled in the immobilizer, captured before programming so changes can be verified afterward.

Customer authorization

Written or recorded permission from the registered owner allowing a third party to request keys or security services for the vehicle.

Job documentation

A contemporaneous record of VIN, odometer, services performed, keys produced, and signatures that supports liability defense in later disputes.

Data minimization

Retaining only the vehicle and customer information needed for the completed job, then securely disposing of the remainder.

Security lamp

A dashboard indicator showing the immobilizer is active or has detected a key mismatch, often explaining a crank-no-start condition.

Module replacement risk

Installing a used PCM or BCM can carry another vehicle's immobilizer data, requiring reprogramming or reflashing before the engine will start.

Stolen vehicle check

Confirming a vehicle is not reported stolen through title documents or law enforcement before performing any lock or key service.

Scope of practice

The legally permitted services a locksmith may perform, defined by licensing, authorization, and the limits of owner consent.

Credential verification

Confirming a locksmith's license and registration status with the issuing authority before granting access to restricted code systems.

Service invoice

An itemized record of work performed and parts supplied, signed by the customer, that documents the transaction for both parties.

Emergency entry

Unlocking a vehicle for a locked-out owner, permitted only after ownership verification or documented authorization is obtained.