ALOA CMST study materials
ALOA CMST study resources

ALOA CMST key terms

ALOA CMST · Get comfortable with the vocabulary.

Relocker

A spring-loaded bolt or plate held back by a fusible link or glass rod that drops into the boltwork when the lock is attacked, permanently blocking the safe from opening until it is serviced.

Related: Fusible Link, Boltwork, Hard Plate
Fusible Link

A temperature-sensitive connector, often a low-melting alloy or plastic, that releases the relocker when exposed to heat from a torch or drill friction.

Related: Relocker, Thermal Attack
Hard Plate

A hardened steel plate, sometimes containing tungsten carbide or ball bearings, positioned to deflect drill bits and protect the lock or boltwork from drilling.

Related: Relocker, Drill Point, Boltwork
Boltwork

The assembly of bolts, levers, cams, and linkage that secures a safe door to its frame; it is driven by the lock and retracts when the correct combination is entered.

Related: Relocker, Lock Bolt, Door Frame
Lock Bolt

The small movable bolt on the lock itself that blocks or releases the safe's main boltwork, usually the point where the lock engages the door mechanism.

Related: Boltwork, Combination Lock
Door Frame

The fixed perimeter of the safe opening, with a recessed lip or flange into which the door and locking bolts seat when the safe is closed and locked.

Related: Boltwork, Door Gap
Door Gap

The clearance between the door and the frame, measured with a feeler gauge; it can reveal whether boltwork is fully engaged and whether the door is warped or sprung.

Related: Door Frame, Feeler Gauge
Feeler Gauge

A set of thin metal strips of known thickness used to measure clearances, such as the safe door gap, to diagnose alignment or boltwork problems.

Related: Door Gap, Dialing Diagnostics
Dial Ring

The graduated collar around the combination dial that provides the index mark for reading numbers; a loose or shifted ring can cause the combination to fail.

Related: Combination Dial, Index Mark
Index Mark

The fixed reference line on the dial ring against which the numbers on the combination dial are read when dialing.

Related: Dial Ring, Combination Dial
Combination Dial

The numbered rotating disk on the outside of the safe door that transmits rotation to the lock's wheel pack through a spindle.

Related: Dial Ring, Wheel Pack, Spindle
Spindle

The shaft connecting the outside dial to the lock's wheel pack, transferring rotation into the lock case.

Related: Combination Dial, Wheel Pack
Wheel Pack

The set of numbered rotating wheels inside a mechanical combination lock whose notches must align at the fence for the lock to open.

Related: Fence, Drive Cam, Spindle
Fence

The lever arm inside a combination lock that rides on the wheel edges and drops into the aligned gate notches to allow the bolt to retract.

Related: Wheel Pack, Gate, Drive Cam
Gate

The notch cut into the edge of each wheel in a combination lock; when all gates align under the fence, the lock can open.

Related: Wheel Pack, Fence
Drive Cam

The rotating part of a combination lock turned by the spindle that carries the fence and engages the bolt, linking dial rotation to locking action.

Related: Fence, Wheel Pack, Lock Bolt
Thermal Attack

An opening method using a torch or heat source to cut or weaken a safe's door or body; fusible links and relockers are designed to defeat it.

Related: Fusible Link, Relocker, Drill Point
Drill Point

The precise location on a safe door chosen to drill through to reach the lock mechanism, often determined from manufacturer diagrams or lock knowledge.

Related: Hard Plate, Scope Hole, Safe Manipulation
Scope Hole

A small hole drilled into a safe door or lock case to allow visual inspection with a borescope during diagnosis or opening.

Related: Drill Point, Borescope
Borescope

A flexible optical instrument with a light and camera used to look inside a safe or lock through a small hole without enlarging the opening.

Related: Scope Hole, Drill Point
Safe Manipulation

Opening a combination lock by feel and sound, using dialing techniques to locate wheel contact points and gates without drilling or force.

Related: Contact Point, Graphing, Wheel Pack
Contact Point

The dial reading at which the fence or drive cam first touches a wheel during manipulation, revealing the wheel's position.

Related: Safe Manipulation, Graphing, Fence
Graphing

Recording contact-point readings across many dial numbers on a chart to reveal patterns that identify the combination's wheel positions.

Related: Contact Point, Safe Manipulation
Dialing Diagnostics

Systematically testing a lock's response to dialing, such as resistance, sound, and feel, to determine whether the problem is the lock, dial, or boltwork.

Related: Feeler Gauge, Safe Manipulation
Drilling

An opening technique that penetrates the door or lock case at a chosen point to reach and retract the boltwork or release the lock.

Related: Drill Point, Hard Plate, Scope Hole
Picking

Opening a lock by manipulating its internal components with tools rather than using the correct key or combination.

Related: Safe Manipulation, Lock Bolt
Impressioning

Making a working key by inserting a blank into a lock and reading or marking the positions of the pins or wafers as they contact the blank.

Related: Picking, Key Blank
Bypass

Defeating a lock or its linkage without opening it normally, for example by reaching past the lock to retract the boltwork directly.

Related: Boltwork, Picking
Lock Servicing

Cleaning, lubricating, adjusting, and repairing a safe lock so it operates reliably, including checking wheel alignment, spring tension, and bolt travel.

Related: Combination Change, Wheel Pack, Lock Bolt
Combination Change

Resetting a mechanical or electronic safe lock to a new code, typically by repositioning wheels or entering a programming sequence per the manufacturer's instructions.

Related: Wheel Pack, Lock Servicing, Electronic Lock
Electronic Lock

A safe lock using a keypad, circuit board, and solenoid or motor instead of a wheel pack, often powered by batteries and programmed with a master code.

Related: Combination Change, Lock Servicing
Key Blank

An uncut key of the correct profile for a lock, used to make a working key by cutting or impressioning.

Related: Impressioning, Key Cutting
Key Cutting

Duplicating or originating a key on a key machine by tracing an original or following a code, then deburring and testing the result.

Related: Key Blank, Impressioning
Time Delay

A feature that prevents a safe from opening until a set period has elapsed after the correct code is entered, deterring robbery.

Related: Electronic Lock, Lock Servicing
Scope of Work

The written description of what a safe or lock service job includes, such as opening, repair, delivery, or disposal, used to set expectations and price.

Related: Estimate, Work Order
Estimate

A quoted price or price range given to a customer before work begins, stating assumptions, exclusions, and conditions that could change the final charge.

Related: Scope of Work, Work Order
Work Order

A document authorizing and recording a service job, including the customer, location, scope, price, and any signed release or liability terms.

Related: Scope of Work, Estimate, Liability Release
Liability Release

A signed waiver in which a customer acknowledges risks of opening or servicing a safe, such as damage to contents or the container, and agrees to the terms.

Related: Work Order, Scope of Work
Chain of Custody

A documented record of who handled a safe or its contents and when, used to protect against disputes over missing property.

Related: Work Order, Liability Release