Armenia Driving Theory Test key terms

A standardized symbol or panel placed beside or above the road that informs, warns, or orders drivers. In Armenia signs follow international categories: warning, priority, prohibitory, mandatory, information and service signs.

A sign, usually triangular with a red border, that alerts drivers in advance to a hazard such as a curve, junction, pedestrian crossing, or slippery surface, so they can slow down and prepare.

A round sign, generally with a red border, that forbids a specific action, for example exceeding a stated speed, overtaking, or entering in a given direction. Disobeying it is a traffic violation.

A sign that tells drivers who has the right of way at a junction or narrow section, such as a give-way or stop sign, or a sign marking a priority road. It works together with road markings.

A round blue sign that requires a specific behaviour, such as driving in the direction shown, keeping to a minimum speed, or using a designated path for pedestrians or cyclists.

Painted lines, arrows, and symbols on the road surface that guide or regulate traffic. Markings may be permanent (white or yellow paint) or temporary (often yellow or orange) and can override other indications during roadworks.

A continuous painted line along the road that must not be crossed or straddled. It separates opposing traffic flows or marks the edge of the carriageway where crossing is unsafe or forbidden.

A dashed painted line that may be crossed when it is safe and legal to do so, for example to change lanes or overtake. Its spacing and length indicate how freely it may be crossed.

An illuminated signal controlling traffic at junctions, crossings, or lane use. Red means stop, green means proceed if the way is clear, and amber warns of an imminent change; drivers must obey the light for their lane.

Hand and body signals given by a police officer or authorized controller directing traffic. These signals take priority over traffic lights and road signs, and drivers must follow them immediately.

The legal entitlement of one road user to proceed before another in a given situation. It is decided by signs, signals, markings, and general priority rules, and it must still be exercised with care.

To slow down or stop and let other traffic pass before continuing. A give-way sign or marking requires the driver to yield to vehicles on the priority road and only proceed when it is safe.

A road whose traffic has the right of way over vehicles entering from side roads, usually marked by priority signs. Drivers joining it must yield and must not assume others will slow down for them.

A place where two or more roads meet or cross. At junctions drivers must approach at a speed allowing them to stop, follow signs and signals, and yield according to priority rules.

A circular junction where traffic already circulating typically has priority over entering vehicles, unless signs state otherwise. Drivers enter to the right, keep to their lane, and signal when leaving.

Passing a slower vehicle travelling in the same direction, usually on the left. It is allowed only where signs and markings permit, visibility is sufficient, and no oncoming or crossing traffic is endangered.

A restriction, shown by a prohibitory sign or solid line, that forbids passing other vehicles on a stretch of road, typically because of limited visibility, narrow width, or high risk.

The maximum permitted speed on a road, set by law or by signs. It applies in good conditions; in rain, fog, darkness, or heavy traffic drivers must go slower to stay safe.

A speed that lets the driver stop within the visible and clear road ahead and react to hazards. It may be well below the posted limit depending on weather, road surface, visibility, and traffic.

The gap kept between your vehicle and the one ahead. It should grow with speed and in poor conditions; a common guide is at least two seconds in good weather, more when wet or dark.

The total distance a vehicle travels from the moment the driver decides to brake until it comes to rest. It combines reaction distance and braking distance and increases sharply with speed and on wet roads.

The delay between a driver noticing a hazard and starting to act, such as pressing the brake. It is lengthened by tiredness, alcohol, distraction, and surprise, so alertness directly affects safety.

The vehicle system that slows and stops the car. It must be in good working order, with adequate brake fluid and pads, and any warning light or unusual pedal feel requires prompt inspection before driving.

The depth of the grooves on a tyre that channel water away and maintain grip. Worn tyres lengthen braking distance and raise aquaplaning risk, so tyres must be replaced before the legal minimum is reached.

A restraint that holds occupants in place during sudden braking or a crash, greatly reducing injury risk. Drivers and passengers must wear one where fitted, and children need appropriate restraints.

A specially designed seat or booster for children, matched to the child's size and weight. It must be correctly fitted and used instead of an adult belt for young children, as required by law.

A periodic official check that a vehicle meets technical and safety standards, covering brakes, lights, steering, tyres, and emissions. A valid inspection certificate is normally required to drive legally.

Immediate basic care given to an injured person before professional help arrives, such as stopping bleeding, keeping the airway open, and preventing shock. It aims to preserve life and limit further harm.

Steps taken to protect the injured and prevent further crashes: stopping safely, switching on hazard lights, placing a warning triangle, wearing a reflective vest, and keeping bystanders clear of traffic.

Contacting emergency services after a crash or medical emergency by giving the location, number of casualties, and nature of injuries. Prompt, accurate calls speed up rescue and medical response.

A stable side-lying position used for an unconscious person who is breathing, to keep the airway open and prevent choking. It should not be used if a spinal injury is suspected unless the airway is at risk.

A reflective triangular sign carried in the vehicle and placed on the road behind a stopped or broken-down car to warn approaching drivers. It must be set at a safe distance and visible in time.

Flashing indicators on all four corners used to warn others that the vehicle is stopped, slow, or in difficulty. They are not a substitute for proper signalling when turning or changing lanes.

A classification on a driving licence showing which vehicle types the holder may drive, such as cars, motorcycles, or lorries. Driving outside the permitted category is an offence and may void insurance.

An official document authorizing a person to drive specified vehicle categories on public roads. It must be valid, carried or produced when required, and can be endorsed, suspended, or revoked for offences.

A contract that covers specified losses, such as damage or injury caused to others in a crash. Compulsory motor third-party liability insurance is required to drive legally in Armenia.

Points added to a driver's record for traffic offences. Accumulating enough points within a set period can lead to fines, suspension, or loss of the licence, depending on national rules.

Any breach of traffic law, such as speeding, running a red light, or driving without a licence. Violations carry administrative fines and may lead to points, suspension, or criminal liability in serious cases.

The skill of scanning the road ahead and anticipating developing dangers, such as a pedestrian about to cross or a car pulling out. Early recognition gives more time to react and avoid a crash.

A style of driving that anticipates other people's mistakes and keeps a safety margin. It means looking far ahead, planning escape routes, and not assuming others will obey the rules.

An area around the vehicle that cannot be seen in the mirrors. Drivers must check it by turning their head before changing lanes or overtaking, since a vehicle may be hidden there.

Driving smoothly to save fuel and reduce emissions: accelerating gently, keeping steady speed, using higher gears early, avoiding unnecessary idling, and planning ahead to avoid hard braking.

Loss of tyre contact with the road when water builds up under the wheels at speed, making steering and braking ineffective. The driver should ease off the accelerator and avoid sudden braking until grip returns.

Moving from one marked lane to another. It requires checking mirrors and the blind spot, signalling in good time, and ensuring there is a safe gap before moving over without forcing others to brake.

A flashing light that signals the driver's intention to turn, change lanes, or leave a roundabout. It must be used early enough to inform others, and cancelled after the manoeuvre.