Angola Higher War College (ESG) Exam study guide
Angola Higher War College (ESG) Exam · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
The Escola Superior de Guerra (ESG) is Angola's senior military education institution, and its entrance examination is used to select officers and civilian candidates for advanced study in strategy, defense policy and national security. Candidates are typically serving military personnel preparing for senior command or staff roles, alongside a smaller number of civilians from ministries, security services and related institutions. The Angola Higher War College (ESG) Exam study guide has 8 sections and about 1,597 words.
01Portuguese Language and Written Expression
A candidate must master orthography and the 1990 Orthographic Agreement (abolition of the trema, new hyphenation rules, loss of silent consonants), accentuation (oxítonas, paroxítonas, proparoxítonas; hiato rules), morphology and syntax (subject–verb agreement, regency, nominal and verbal concordance), punctuation , lexical semantics (synonymy, antonymy, ambiguity), and textual cohesion and coherence . Formal written expression-register, clarity, and the structure of an argumentative paragraph-is frequently tested.
240 words, about 1 min02Mathematics and Quantitative Reasoning
Expect arithmetic and number properties (divisibility, primes, GCD/LCM), fractions, percentages, and proportions , algebra (linear equations, systems, inequalities), geometry (areas, perimeters, Pythagoras, angles), statistics (mean, median, mode) and probability basics , plus logical/sequence reasoning . Word problems on mixtures, rates, and simple/compound interest are common.
211 words, about 1 min03History and Geography of Angola
History spans pre-colonial kingdoms (Kongo, Ndongo, Matamba), the Portuguese presence from the 15th century , the slave trade , colonial occupation and resistance (e.g., the 1961 events), the liberation struggle and independence in 1975 , the civil war (1975–2002) and national reconciliation . Geography covers location in Southern/Central Africa , the Atlantic coastline , relief (planalto, coastal lowlands), climate , hydrography (Kwanza, Cunene, Cubango, Zambezi tributaries), provinces and borders , and economic geography (oil, diamonds, agriculture).
227 words, about 1 min04Civic and Patriotic Education
This domain tests constitutional values , national symbols (flag, anthem, emblem), citizenship duties and rights , state institutions and their roles , and national unity and patriotism . Candidates should understand the Constitution's fundamental principles , the separation of powers (Executive, Legislative, Judicial), and the role of civic participation in democracy.
213 words, about 1 min05General Knowledge and Current Affairs
This domain samples international organisations (UN, AU, SADC, CPLP), geopolitics , economics , science and technology , culture , and recent events . Candidates should know Angola's memberships and roles, major global institutions, and broad trends in energy, climate, and development.
172 words, under 1 min06Logic and Critical Reasoning
Expect deductive validity , syllogisms , conditional reasoning (if–then, contrapositive), necessary vs sufficient conditions , inductive strength , and fallacy identification (ad hominem, straw man, false dilemma, circular reasoning). Candidates must distinguish truth from validity and detect assumptions and conclusions in arguments.
191 words, under 1 min07English Language
Focus on grammar (tenses, subject–verb agreement, articles, prepositions), vocabulary in context , reading comprehension (main idea, inference, reference), and formal written English . Candidates should handle conditionals , passive voice , and reported speech .
166 words, under 1 min08Defense and Security Studies Fundamentals
Candidates must understand national security concepts , civil–military relations , the role of armed forces (defence of sovereignty, territorial integrity), security institutions and their mandates, regional security cooperation (AU, SADC), and contemporary threats (terrorism, cyber, maritime security, organised crime). Knowledge of international humanitarian law basics and peacekeeping is useful.
177 words, under 1 min