AP Japanese Language and Culture study materials
AP Japanese Language and Culture study resources

AP Japanese Language and Culture: Story Narration

AP Japanese Language and Culture · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.

All guide sections

Story Narration

What the task demands

Story Narration gives you a sequence of four pictures and asks you to tell the story they show. It is presentational, in the past tense. The pictures supply the events; your job is to connect them into one narrative with a clear beginning, complication, and resolution. Graders reward coherence and control of past-tense forms more than rare vocabulary.

Concepts to master

  • Tense: plain past 〜た・〜だった in narration; 〜ていた for ongoing or habitual past; 〜てしまった for unintended results.
  • Sequencing: まず、それから、すると、そのとき、しばらくして、最後に.
  • Cause and effect: 〜ので、〜だから、その結果.
  • Scene-setting and internal states: 天気がよかったです。うれしかったです。びっくりしました。
  • Dialogue: 「〜」と言いました adds life and shows control.

Traps

  • Describing each picture as an isolated sentence with no connectors; that reads as four captions, not a story.
  • Slipping into present tense (ます・です instead of ました).
  • Inventing details that contradict the pictures.
  • Spending most of the time on picture one and rushing the ending.

Worked example

Rule of thumb: one sentence per picture for the events, plus one connector sentence in each gap, giving six to eight sentences total. Model: 「日曜日、田中さんは友達と公園へ行きました。まず、二人はベンチに座って話しました。すると、急に雨が降ってきました。それで、近くの店に入って、傘を買いました。最後に、雨がやんだので、いっしょに家まで歩いて帰りました。」