Grammar and Sentence Structure
What this domain tests
Grammar items probe nominal and verbal sentence patterns, case and mood endings, agreement, and connector usage.
Concepts to master
- Case (إعراب): nominative for subjects (الفاعل), accusative for objects and many adverbs, genitive after prepositions and in إضافة constructions.
- Verb mood: المضارع المنصوب after أن، لن، كي; المجزوم after لم، لا الناهية; the indicative elsewhere.
- Agreement: verbs preceding subjects typically agree in gender but stay singular; adjectives agree in gender, number, and case.
- Sentence types: الجملة الاسمية (topic + predicate, no copula) vs. الجملة الفعلية (verb-initial).
- Dual and plural: dual ـان/ـين and sound masculine plural ـون/ـين endings shift with case.
Traps to watch
- A verb that looks correct but violates mood after a particle (لن + accusative, not indicative).
- Adjective agreement errors hidden behind a plural noun.
- Confusing إنّ and its sisters (which make the subject accusative) with plain nominal sentences.
- Missing إضافة: the first noun takes no ال and no تنوين.
Rule of thumb
Identify the governing particle first; it dictates the ending. Then check agreement. When two options differ only in a final vowel, the particle before the word decides.
Worked example
"لن ___ إلى المدرسة غداً." Options: نذهبُ vs. نذهبَ. The particle لن governs the subjunctive, so the correct form is نذهبَ (accusative/subjunctive ending).