Speed Limits, Following Distance and Overtaking
Austrian default limits: 50 km/h in built-up areas, 100 km/h on rural roads, 130 km/h on motorways, and 80 km/h for vehicles over 3.5 t on rural roads. Limits may be lowered by signs, weather (e.g. variable motorway signs) or conditions; you must always drive so you can stop within the visible distance. Following distance should be at least the distance covered in two seconds; a useful rule is half the speedometer reading in metres (50 km/h → 25 m).
Overtaking is on the left by default; passing on the right is allowed in congested motorway traffic and when lanes are marked for it. You must not overtake at pedestrian crossings, at blind crests, on narrow bridges, or where signs forbid it. Before overtaking, check mirrors, blind spot, signal, and ensure you can complete the manoeuvre without forcing others to brake. Cyclists must be given at least 1.5 m clearance outside built-up areas and 1 m inside.
Traps: questions about overtaking a tram stopped at a stop (you must allow passengers to cross), and about the safety distance at tunnels and roadworks. Also know the Rettungsgasse (emergency corridor) between lanes when traffic queues.
Worked rule of thumb: at 100 km/h, two seconds equals about 55 m. If the car ahead passes a marker and you reach it before counting two seconds, you are too close - back off.