BAK flashcards
BAK · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- General food law regulation
- Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 lays down general principles of food law, establishes the European Food Safety Authority, and sets procedures for food safety matters.
- Unsafe food definition
- Under Article 14 of Regulation 178/2002, food is unsafe if it is injurious to health or unfit for human consumption, considering normal use conditions.
- Traceability one step rule
- Article 18 of Regulation 178/2002 requires operators to identify the supplier and the immediate recipient of food, feed, or food-producing animals.
- Precautionary principle
- Where scientific uncertainty exists but a risk to health is identified, provisional protective measures may be taken pending further scientific evaluation.
- RASFF purpose
- The Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed enables Member States and the Commission to exchange notifications of serious risks to human health.
- HACCP seven principles
- Hazard analysis, critical control point determination, critical limits, monitoring, corrective actions, verification, and record-keeping together form the HACCP system.
- Critical control point
- A CCP is a step at which control is essential to prevent, eliminate, or reduce a significant food safety hazard to an acceptable level.
- Critical limit definition
- A critical limit is a measurable criterion that separates acceptability from unacceptability at a critical control point, such as a temperature or pH threshold.
- Listeria monocytogenes limit
- Regulation (EC) 2073/2005 sets a limit of 100 colony-forming units per gram for Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods during shelf life.
- Prerequisite programmes
- Prerequisite programmes are basic hygiene conditions such as cleaning, pest control, and personal hygiene that support and underpin the HACCP system.
- Cold chain temperatures
- Chilled foods are generally held at or below 8 degrees Celsius and frozen foods at or below minus 18 degrees Celsius to limit microbial growth.
- Transport regulation 1/2005
- Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2005 sets animal welfare requirements during transport, including journey limits, space allowances, ventilation, and watering.
- Animal by-product categories
- Regulation (EC) 1069/2009 classifies animal by-products into Categories 1, 2, and 3 according to risk to public and animal health.
- Notifiable animal disease
- A notifiable disease is one that must be reported to the competent authority by law, enabling rapid control measures such as movement restrictions.
- Bovine identification system
- Cattle must be identified by two ear tags, a passport, and records in a computerised national database under Regulation (EC) 1760/2000.
- Fitness for transport
- Animals must be fit for the intended journey; severely injured, weak, or late-pregnancy animals are excluded from transport under welfare rules.
- Union quarantine pest
- A quarantine pest is a pest of potential economic importance for an area where it is absent or not widely distributed and is officially controlled.
- Plant passport function
- A plant passport is an official label accompanying specified plants within the Union, certifying compliance with plant health requirements for movement.
- Maximum residue level
- An MRL is the upper legal level of pesticide residue permitted in or on food or feed, set under Regulation (EC) 396/2005.
- Integrated pest management
- IPM prioritises prevention, monitoring, and non-chemical control methods, using pesticides only when justified by economic thresholds.
- Active substance approval
- Under Regulation (EC) 1107/2009, a plant protection product can only be authorised if its active substance has first been approved at Union level.
- Border control post checks
- Regulated plants and plant products entering the Union undergo documentary, identity, and physical checks at designated border control posts.
- Batch or lot definition
- A lot is a defined quantity of food produced under essentially identical conditions, allowing targeted traceability and recall if needed.
- ISO 22000 scope
- ISO 22000 specifies requirements for a food safety management system, combining interactive communication, prerequisite programmes, and HACCP principles.
- Plan-do-check-act cycle
- The PDCA cycle is a continuous improvement model used in ISO management standards: plan objectives, implement, verify results, and act on findings.
- Recall plan elements
- A recall plan defines decision authority, communication routes to authorities and customers, and verification that affected product is accounted for.
- Document control purpose
- Document control ensures that current approved versions of procedures and records are available, and obsolete versions are removed from use.
- Official control definition
- Official controls are activities performed by competent authorities to verify compliance with feed and food law, animal health, and welfare rules.
- Risk-based control planning
- Control frequency and intensity are set according to identified risks, operator compliance history, and the reliability of own-check systems.
- Audit versus inspection
- An audit is a systematic independent examination against defined criteria; an inspection is a direct on-site check of conformity with requirements.
- Enforcement escalation
- Enforcement measures escalate from advice and notices to suspension or withdrawal of approval and penalties, and must be proportionate and dissuasive.
- Sampling chain of custody
- Samples for laboratory analysis must be representative, uniquely identified, and documented through a chain of custody to preserve evidential integrity.