QCAA Digital Solutions flashcards
QCAA Digital Solutions · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Primary key
- An attribute or combination of attributes that uniquely identifies each record in a table, cannot be null, and is used by other tables as a reference point.
- Foreign key
- An attribute in one table that stores the primary key value of another table, creating a link between the tables and enforcing referential integrity.
- Referential integrity
- A database rule ensuring every foreign key value matches an existing primary key value or is null, preventing orphaned records across related tables.
- First normal form
- A table state where every cell holds a single atomic value, no repeating groups or lists exist, and each record has a defined primary key.
- Third normal form
- A table state where it is in second normal form and no non-key attribute depends on another non-key attribute, removing transitive dependencies.
- SQL SELECT clause
- The statement component that lists which columns or expressions appear in the result set, optionally renaming them with aliases for readability.
- WHERE versus HAVING
- WHERE filters individual rows before grouping occurs, while HAVING filters aggregated groups after GROUP BY and can test aggregate function results.
- INNER JOIN
- A join that returns only the rows where the join condition matches in both tables, discarding unmatched rows from either side.
- Data flow diagram
- A model showing external entities, processes, data stores and the labelled flows of data between them, used to represent how information moves through a system.
- Context diagram
- A single-process data flow diagram that shows the whole system as one process with its external entities and the data flowing in and out.
- Waterfall approach
- A sequential development model where each phase such as requirements, design, build and test is completed before the next begins, with limited revisiting.
- Agile approach
- An iterative development model using short cycles called sprints, continuous stakeholder feedback and adaptive planning rather than fixed upfront requirements.
- Minimum viable product
- A released version containing only the core features needed to satisfy early users and test demand before further investment in development.
- Prototype
- A preliminary working model of a solution built to clarify requirements, test usability and gather feedback before full-scale development.
- Version control commit
- A recorded snapshot of changes to files in a repository, including a message and author, allowing earlier states to be restored or compared.
- Unit testing
- Testing that isolates a single component or function and verifies its behaviour against expectations, usually performed by the developer during construction.
- Acceptance testing
- Testing performed against user requirements to confirm the completed solution is fit for purpose, often conducted by the client or end users.
- Copyright
- Automatic legal protection for original expression such as source code, text and images, preventing unauthorised copying for a defined period.
- Patent
- A registered legal right granted for a novel and useful invention, giving the holder exclusive rights to exploit it for a limited term.
- Privacy impact assessment
- A structured review identifying what personal information a system collects, why, how it is stored and who can access it, to manage privacy risk.
- Australian Privacy Principles
- Thirteen principles in the Privacy Act 1988 governing collection, use, disclosure, security and access of personal information by Australian organisations.
- WCAG POUR principles
- Four accessibility principles: content must be Perceivable, Operable, Understandable and Robust so people with disabilities can use it effectively.
- Usability criterion
- A measure of how effectively, efficiently and satisfactorily specified users can achieve goals in a particular context using the solution.
- Maintainability
- The ease with which a solution can be understood, modified, corrected and extended over time, supported by documentation, structure and naming conventions.
- Cognitive verb explain
- A command requiring the response to give reasons or causes for a relationship, showing why or how something occurs rather than merely listing features.
- Cognitive verb analyse
- A command requiring the response to break information into components, identify relationships between them and draw out patterns or implications.
- Cognitive verb evaluate
- A command requiring a judgement against stated criteria, supported by evidence, usually concluding with a recommendation or ranked conclusion.
- Extended response structure
- A written answer organised as a position statement, body paragraphs each making one evidenced point, and a conclusion, addressing all marking criteria.
- Storage size calculation
- Multiply number of files by average file size and by number of copies, then convert units consistently, noting 1 GB equals 1024 MB.
- Transfer time formula
- Data transfer time equals file size divided by transfer rate, with units converted so size and rate use compatible bases such as megabytes per second.
- Criteria sheet marking
- A scoring instrument listing separate descriptors per criterion; each criterion is judged independently, so partial performance still earns partial credit.
- Marks-per-minute pacing
- An exam time strategy allocating roughly one minute per mark, ensuring every question receives an attempt before time expires.