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VCE Classical Hebrew study materials
VCE Classical Hebrew study resources

VCE Classical Hebrew practice questions

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Question 1Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the Hebrew Bible, what does the word שָׁלוֹם (shalom) most commonly mean?

  1. Peace or completeness Correct answer.
  2. A covenant
  3. A burnt offering
  4. A prophet

Explanation

The noun שָׁלוֹם derives from the root שׁ־ל־ם, which conveys wholeness and completeness; by extension it denotes peace, welfare and well-being. In narrative and poetic passages it frequently describes harmonious relations or a state of safety.

Question 2Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

What is the grammatical function of the prefix וַיְ־ in a form such as וַיֹּאמֶר?

  1. It introduces a past narrative sequence Correct answer.
  2. It negates the verb
  3. It converts a verb into a noun
  4. It marks a question

Explanation

The waw-consecutive (waw + imperfect) is the standard Hebrew narrative construction for recounting successive past events. It typically carries the sense of 'and he said' or 'then he said' in prose.

Question 3Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

Which Hebrew preposition is most commonly used to express 'from' or 'out of'?

  1. עַל
  2. אֶל
  3. בְּ
  4. מִן Correct answer.

Explanation

The preposition מִן expresses separation or origin, meaning 'from' or 'out of'. It frequently assimilates its nun to the following consonant, as in מִמִּצְרַיִם ('from Egypt').

Question 4Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase בְּרֵאשִׁית בָּרָא אֱלֹהִים, what is the grammatical subject of the verb בָּרָא?

  1. The implied pronoun 'they'
  2. אֱלֹהִים Correct answer.
  3. There is no expressed subject
  4. בְּרֵאשִׁית

Explanation

The verb בָּרָא is a qal perfect third person masculine singular, 'he created'. Its subject is the following noun אֱלֹהִים, which despite its plural-looking form takes singular agreement when referring to Israel's God.

Question 5Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

What does the Hebrew word תּוֹרָה (torah) most literally mean?

  1. Instruction or teaching Correct answer.
  2. Commandment
  3. Law
  4. Wisdom

Explanation

The noun תּוֹרָה comes from the root י־ר־ה, meaning to direct or instruct, so its core sense is 'instruction' or 'teaching'. The common rendering 'law' reflects later usage rather than the word's basic meaning.

Question 6Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

A Hebrew noun appears with the ending ־ִים. What does this ending normally indicate?

  1. First person singular
  2. Feminine singular
  3. Construct state
  4. Masculine plural Correct answer.

Explanation

The suffix ־ִים is the regular masculine plural ending for nouns and adjectives. It is also used for some feminine nouns that take masculine-type plurals, but its primary association is masculine plural.

Question 7Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence הָאִישׁ הֹלֵךְ בַּדֶּרֶךְ, what part of speech is הֹלֵךְ?

  1. A preposition
  2. An infinitive construct
  3. A noun
  4. A participle functioning as a verb Correct answer.

Explanation

הֹלֵךְ is a qal active participle of the root ה־ל־ך, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. In this clause it serves as the predicate, describing what the man is doing.

Question 8Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

What does the particle אֶת signal when it precedes a definite noun in a Hebrew clause?

  1. The subject
  2. The direct object Correct answer.
  3. A question
  4. Possession

Explanation

The particle אֶת (et) is the definite direct object marker. It appears before a noun that is the object of a verb and is definite, helping to distinguish object from subject in flexible word order.

Question 9Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase דְּבַר יְהוָה, how is the relationship between the two nouns best described?

  1. A plural form meaning 'words of the LORD'
  2. An apposition meaning 'the word, the LORD'
  3. A construct chain meaning 'the word of the LORD' Correct answer.
  4. A verbless clause meaning 'the LORD is a word'

Explanation

דְּבַר is the construct form of דָּבָר, and it is followed by the absolute noun יְהוָה. Together they form a construct chain expressing a genitival relationship, 'the word of the LORD'.

Question 10Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

A Hebrew verb appears as כָּתַבְתִּי. What does the final ־תִּי indicate?

  1. Infinitive absolute
  2. Second person masculine plural
  3. Third person feminine singular
  4. First person singular Correct answer.

Explanation

In the qal perfect, the suffix ־תִּי marks a first person singular subject, giving 'I wrote'. Each person and gender has its own distinctive perfect suffix set.

Question 11Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

What nuance does the piel stem typically add to a verb compared with the qal?

  1. It marks the verb as future
  2. It intensifies or makes the action transitive Correct answer.
  3. It converts the verb into a noun
  4. It always makes the verb passive

Explanation

The piel commonly expresses intensive or factitive action, often rendering an intransitive qal verb transitive. For example, שָׁבַר in qal means 'to be broken', while the piel שִׁבֵּר means 'to shatter'.

Question 12Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the clause וַיִּקְרָא אֱלֹהִים לָאוֹר יוֹם, what is the function of יוֹם?

  1. The subject of the verb
  2. A prepositional object
  3. An adverbial accusative of time
  4. A predicate accusative naming the object Correct answer.

Explanation

The verb קָרָא with the preposition לְ can mean 'to call' in the sense of naming. יוֹם stands in the accusative as the name given to the light, functioning as a predicate complement to the object.

Question 13Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

What is the effect of the preposition בְּ when prefixed to an infinitive construct, as in בְּשָׁמְעוֹ?

  1. It expresses negation ('he did not hear')
  2. It expresses a command ('hear!')
  3. It expresses time ('when he heard') Correct answer.
  4. It expresses purpose ('in order to hear')

Explanation

בְּ plus an infinitive construct with a pronominal suffix commonly conveys a temporal clause, 'when he heard' or 'at his hearing'. The preposition locates the main action in time relative to the infinitive's action.

Question 14Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

Which translation best captures the force of the particle נָא in a request such as דַּבֶּר־נָא?

  1. A plural command, 'you all speak'
  2. A polite entreaty, 'please speak' Correct answer.
  3. A strong prohibition, 'do not speak'
  4. A conditional, 'if you speak'

Explanation

The enclitic particle נָא softens an imperative or request, adding urgency or politeness. It is best rendered 'please' or 'I pray', and it does not change the person or number of the verb.

Question 15Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase כֹּה אָמַר יְהוָה, what does כֹּה contribute to the meaning?

  1. It marks a question
  2. It means 'thus' or 'so', introducing a prophetic utterance Correct answer.
  3. It marks the direct object
  4. It means 'not'

Explanation

כֹּה is an adverb meaning 'thus' or 'so'. In prophetic literature the formula כֹּה אָמַר יְהוָה introduces a divine oracle, conventionally rendered 'thus says the LORD'.

Question 16Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

A noun appears as סוּסֵי in a phrase such as סוּסֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ. What form is סוּסֵי?

  1. Masculine plural construct Correct answer.
  2. Singular construct
  3. Feminine plural absolute
  4. Masculine plural absolute

Explanation

The absolute masculine plural of סוּס is סוּסִים, but in the construct state the ending changes to ־ֵי, giving סוּסֵי. The following noun הַמֶּלֶךְ is the absolute member of the chain, 'the horses of the king'.

Question 17Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

What does the niphal stem most commonly express?

  1. Intensive action
  2. Reciprocal action only
  3. Causative action
  4. Passive or reflexive action Correct answer.

Explanation

The niphal is the passive-reflexive counterpart of the qal, so נִשְׁמַר can mean 'he was guarded' or 'he guarded himself'. Context determines which nuance is intended.

Question 18Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence לֹא־יָדַעְתִּי, how is negation expressed?

  1. By the hiphil stem
  2. By a negative suffix on the verb
  3. By a negative particle before the verb Correct answer.
  4. By the infinitive absolute

Explanation

Hebrew negates verbs with particles placed before them: לֹא for indicative statements and אַל for wishes and prohibitions. In לֹא־יָדַעְתִּי the particle לֹא precedes the perfect verb, giving 'I did not know'.

Question 19Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

What is the function of the infinitive absolute when it stands beside a finite verb of the same root, as in מוֹת תָּמוּת?

  1. It makes the clause conditional
  2. It intensifies the verbal idea, 'you shall surely die' Correct answer.
  3. It marks a question
  4. It changes the verb to passive

Explanation

The infinitive absolute placed before or after a finite verb of the same root strengthens the statement. This construction is often rendered with an emphatic adverb such as 'surely' or 'certainly'.

Question 20Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

Which rendering best reflects the force of הִנֵּה at the start of a clause?

  1. A negated statement
  2. A causal conjunction, 'because'
  3. An attention-drawing particle, 'behold' or 'look' Correct answer.
  4. A temporal conjunction, 'after'

Explanation

הִנֵּה is a presentative particle that directs the hearer's attention to what follows, whether a person, an object or an impending event. It is often translated 'behold', 'look' or 'here'.

Question 21Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase אִישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵהוּ, what does the repeated prepositional structure express?

  1. A comparison between two people
  2. A question about a neighbour
  3. A prohibition addressed to a neighbour
  4. A reciprocal relationship, 'each man to his neighbour' Correct answer.

Explanation

Distributive אִישׁ followed by a preposition and רֵעַ expresses reciprocity among members of a group. The idiom is conventionally rendered 'each man to his neighbour' or 'one another'.

Question 22Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

A form such as יִכְתֹּב may be rendered 'he will write' or 'he writes'. What does this show about the Hebrew imperfect?

  1. It is always passive
  2. It expresses incomplete or ongoing action, with tense supplied by context Correct answer.
  3. It is always a command
  4. It expresses only completed past action

Explanation

The Hebrew imperfect portrays action as incomplete or in progress rather than fixing it in a single tense. Translators therefore choose between present-future and modal renderings according to context and syntax.

Question 23Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the clause וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים יְהִי־אוֹר, what is the grammatical status of יְהִי־אוֹר?

  1. A noun clause with no verb
  2. A perfect verb with an object ('he made light')
  3. A jussive verb with its subject, expressing a command or wish ('let there be light') Correct answer.
  4. An infinitive construct ('to be light')

Explanation

יְהִי is a qal imperfect (jussive in form) of הָיָה, third person masculine singular, and אוֹר is its subject. The construction expresses a command or wish, traditionally rendered 'let there be light'.

Question 24Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the expression עֶבֶד יְהוָה, what determines that the phrase means 'the servant of the LORD' rather than 'a servant, the LORD'?

  1. The preposition בְּ prefixed to the second noun
  2. The construct state of עֶבֶד and the absolute state of the following divine name Correct answer.
  3. The presence of the definite article on עֶבֶד
  4. The plural ending on the first noun

Explanation

A construct noun is bound closely to the noun that follows it, forming a single genitival phrase. Because עֶבֶד stands in the construct state, יְהוָה is its genitive complement, yielding 'servant of the LORD'.

Question 25Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence וְאָהַבְתָּ לְרֵעֲךָ כָּמוֹךָ, how does the preposition כְּ in כָּמוֹךָ function?

  1. It expresses possession, 'your own'
  2. It introduces a comparison, 'as yourself' Correct answer.
  3. It marks a temporal clause, 'when you'
  4. It marks the direct object

Explanation

The prefixed כְּ expresses comparison or similarity, and with the pronominal suffix it yields 'like you' or 'as yourself'. The command therefore sets the neighbour's welfare alongside one's own as the measure of love.

Question 26Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence וַיְהִי־עֶרֶב וַיְהִי־בֹקֶר, what does the prefixed וַ on each verb indicate?

  1. A negative prohibition addressed to the reader
  2. A conditional clause introduced by the speaker
  3. A question requiring an answer from the hearer
  4. A consecutive narrative form linking events in sequence Correct answer.

Explanation

The waw prefixed with patah and dagesh to an imperfect verb marks the waw-consecutive, which carries narrative forward in sequence. It presents the following event as the next step in a chain rather than as a wish, command, or question.

Question 27Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

A Hebrew noun occurs as בָּתִּים. Which description of its form is accurate?

  1. Construct singular bound to a following genitive
  2. Dual form referring to exactly two houses
  3. Feminine singular with a distinctive abstract ending
  4. Masculine plural with an ending that replaces the singular ending Correct answer.

Explanation

The ending ־ִים marks a masculine plural, and in בָּתִּים the original singular ending has been dropped before it. The same plural ending appears on many masculine nouns and adjectives.

Question 28Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the clause וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָאוֹר כִּי־טוֹב, what does כִּי introduce?

  1. A causal clause explaining the divine evaluation Correct answer.
  2. A purpose clause meaning 'in order that'
  3. A direct quotation introduced by the narrator
  4. A temporal clause meaning 'while'

Explanation

Here כִּי joins a clause that gives the reason or content of the seeing: the light was good. In such contexts כִּי is best rendered 'that' or 'for', supplying the basis of the main statement.

Question 29Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

What does the ending ־וֹת on a noun such as תּוֹרוֹת normally mark?

  1. Feminine plural Correct answer.
  2. Construct singular
  3. Definite accusative
  4. Masculine dual

Explanation

The ending ־וֹת is the regular feminine plural marker, appearing on feminine nouns and on adjectives agreeing with them. Masculine plurals normally take ־ִים instead.

Question 30Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase מֶלֶךְ גָּדוֹל, how is the second word functioning?

  1. As a noun in the construct state
  2. As a predicate adjective making a statement
  3. As an attributive adjective agreeing with the noun Correct answer.
  4. As an adverb modifying a verb

Explanation

An adjective placed directly after a noun normally describes that noun and agrees with it in gender, number, and definiteness. Here גָּדוֹל describes the king rather than asserting something about him.

Question 31Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence שָׁמַעְתִּי אֶת־דִּבְרֵי הַנָּבִיא, what does the prefixed אֶת־ mark?

  1. The genitive after a construct noun
  2. The subject of a passive clause
  3. The indirect object of the verb
  4. The definite direct object of the verb Correct answer.

Explanation

The particle אֶת marks a definite noun phrase functioning as the direct object of a transitive verb. Here the words of the prophet are what was heard.

Question 32Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

A verb appears as יִשְׁמְרוּ. What does the final וּ indicate?

  1. Second person masculine singular subject
  2. First person common singular subject
  3. Third person masculine plural subject Correct answer.
  4. An imperative addressed to a group

Explanation

The imperfect ending וּ marks a third person masculine plural, so the form means 'they will guard' or 'they guard'. Person and number are carried by the prefix and suffix together.

Question 33Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase בֵּית יְהוָה, what is the form of the first word?

  1. Singular with the definite article attached
  2. Absolute singular standing independently
  3. Plural construct bound to a following genitive
  4. Construct singular bound to a following genitive Correct answer.

Explanation

The first noun of a genitive chain is placed in the construct state, often with a reduced vowel, and is bound closely to what follows. בֵּית is the construct of בַּיִת, so the phrase means 'the house of the LORD'.

Question 34Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence הָאִשָּׁה רָאֲתָה אֶת־הַיֶּלֶד, why does the verb appear as רָאֲתָה?

  1. It signals a passive stem
  2. It expresses a completed action by a plural subject
  3. It agrees with a feminine singular subject Correct answer.
  4. It marks a feminine singular object

Explanation

Hebrew finite verbs agree with their subject in person, gender, and number. Since the subject הָאִשָּׁה is feminine singular, the verb takes the feminine singular ending תָה.

Question 35Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the clause וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר, what is the function of לֵּאמֹר?

  1. It marks the verb as past habitual
  2. It introduces the words that follow as direct speech Correct answer.
  3. It states the purpose of Moses' journey
  4. It negates the preceding statement

Explanation

The infinitive construct לֵּאמֹר, literally 'to say', regularly introduces direct speech after a verb of speaking. It functions as a formal marker of quotation rather than as an independent purpose clause.

Question 36Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence וְעַתָּה לְכוּ וְנַעַבְדָה אֶת־יְהוָה, what does the form נַעַבְדָה express?

  1. An infinitive absolute reinforcing the verb
  2. A cohortative first person plural resolve Correct answer.
  3. A third person feminine singular future
  4. A passive participle

Explanation

The prefix נ plus the ending ה on an imperfect form marks the cohortative, expressing the speaker's resolve or invitation: 'let us serve'. It gathers the group into a shared intention.

Question 37Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase כָּל־הַיָּמִים אֲשֶׁר־חָיָה אָדָם, what does אֲשֶׁר introduce?

  1. A purpose clause explaining a command
  2. A relative clause modifying the preceding phrase Correct answer.
  3. An interrogative clause seeking information
  4. A conditional clause stating a hypothesis

Explanation

The particle אֲשֶׁר introduces a relative clause that describes the antecedent, here the days in question. English often renders it with 'which' or 'that', or omits it.

Question 38Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

A verb appears as נִשְׁמַע. Which stem and sense are correct?

  1. Hiphil, 'he caused to hear'
  2. Qal, 'he heard'
  3. Niphal, 'it was heard' Correct answer.
  4. Piel, 'he proclaimed'

Explanation

The prefix נ on a qal-type root commonly marks the niphal stem, which is typically passive or reflexive. With שָׁמַע the niphal yields 'it was heard' or 'it made itself heard'.

Question 39Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence אִם־תִּשְׁמְעוּ בְּקֹלִי, what relationship does אִם express?

  1. A condition on which the outcome depends Correct answer.
  2. A direct quotation of speech
  3. A comparison between two entities
  4. A causal explanation of a past event

Explanation

The particle אִם introduces a conditional clause, presenting the hearing as the condition for what follows. English renders it 'if' in such constructions.

Question 40Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the clause וַיֵּלֶךְ אַבְרָם כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר אֵלָיו יְהוָה, what does כַּאֲשֶׁר express?

  1. Repetition of an earlier action
  2. Conformity to what was previously said Correct answer.
  3. Doubt about a future outcome
  4. Contrast with what was previously said

Explanation

The compound particle כַּאֲשֶׁר means 'just as' or 'according to what', linking the action to a prior statement. It marks correspondence between the deed and the word.

Question 41Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence וַיִּקְרָא אֶל־מֹשֶׁה, how is the prefixed preposition אֶל best understood?

  1. It marks the person addressed by the calling Correct answer.
  2. It marks the instrument used for calling
  3. It marks the reason for the calling
  4. It marks the place from which the call came

Explanation

The preposition אֶל means 'to' or 'toward' and with verbs of speech or calling it marks the addressee. Here Moses is the one summoned.

Question 42Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase וְהָאָרֶץ הָיְתָה תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ, what is the function of הָיְתָה?

  1. It serves as a copula linking the subject to a description Correct answer.
  2. It negates the following clause
  3. It introduces a direct quotation
  4. It marks the subject as indefinite

Explanation

The verb 'to be' in Hebrew often functions as a copula joining a subject to a predicate description, especially in past narrative. Here it links the earth to the description that follows.

Question 43Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence לֵךְ־לְךָ מֵאַרְצְךָ, what does the preposition לְ in לְךָ add?

  1. A marker of the direct object
  2. A temporal sense meaning 'in your time'
  3. A nuance of separation or going for oneself Correct answer.
  4. A comparative sense meaning 'like you'

Explanation

The idiom of a verb of motion followed by לְ with a pronoun adds a nuance of going away or for one's own benefit. It intensifies the departure rather than marking an object.

Question 44Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the clause וְשָׁמְרוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּת, what is the grammatical role of בְּנֵי?

  1. Dual form serving as an apposition
  2. Absolute plural serving as the object
  3. Singular construct serving as a predicate
  4. Construct plural serving as the subject Correct answer.

Explanation

בְּנֵי is the construct plural of בֵּן and heads a genitive chain with יִשְׂרָאֵל. The whole chain functions as the subject of the plural verb וְשָׁמְרוּ.

Question 45Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence וַתְּדַבֵּר מִרְיָם וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶן, why does the verb appear as וַתְּדַבֵּר?

  1. It is an infinitive construct of purpose
  2. It is second person masculine plural in a command
  3. It is third person feminine singular in the narrative sequence Correct answer.
  4. It is first person common singular in a vow

Explanation

The prefix תְּ with a feminine subject and the waw-consecutive pattern mark a third person feminine singular narrative verb. Miriam is the subject, so the verb agrees with her.

Question 46Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase אַחֲרֵי הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה, what is the function of הַזֶּה?

  1. A demonstrative adjective making the noun definite Correct answer.
  2. An adverb of time
  3. A relative pronoun introducing a clause
  4. A personal pronoun standing as subject

Explanation

The demonstrative זֶּה with the article follows a definite noun and agrees with it, meaning 'this'. It makes the phrase definite and points to the matter just mentioned.

Question 47Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence וְאִם־יִמָּצֵא הַגָּנָב, what does the stem of יִמָּצֵא convey?

  1. A passive sense, 'is found' Correct answer.
  2. A reflexive sense, 'finds himself'
  3. A causative sense, 'causes to find'
  4. An intensive sense, 'searches thoroughly'

Explanation

The niphal stem of מָצָא is passive, so יִמָּצֵא means 'is found' or 'turns out to be found'. The thief is the one discovered rather than the one discovering.

Question 48Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the clause כִּי־עָשִׂיתָ אֶת־הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה, how does the initial כִּי function?

  1. It forms a question expecting the answer yes
  2. It grounds a statement in a reason or established fact Correct answer.
  3. It introduces a hypothetical condition only
  4. It marks the following noun as indefinite

Explanation

Here כִּי introduces the reason or ground for what precedes, best rendered 'because' or 'for'. It presents the deed as the basis for the response that follows.

Question 49Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the sentence וְהָיָה כִּי־תָבֹאוּ אֶל־הָאָרֶץ, what is the force of the combination וְהָיָה כִּי?

  1. It marks a quotation within a quotation
  2. It sets up a future circumstance followed by its outcome Correct answer.
  3. It reports a past event already completed
  4. It introduces a prohibition with legal force

Explanation

The formula וְהָיָה כִּי introduces a future situation that sets the stage for what follows, often rendered 'and it shall be, when'. It frames a circumstance rather than reporting a completed past event.

Question 50Prescribed texts: comprehension and translation of seen passages

In the phrase עַד־עֲלוֹת הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ, what is the form and function of עֲלוֹת?

  1. Noun in the construct state meaning 'rising'
  2. Participle agreeing with the sun as subject
  3. Finite verb in the qal perfect, expressing completed action
  4. Infinitive construct governed by a preposition, expressing time Correct answer.

Explanation

The form עֲלוֹת is an infinitive construct of עָלָה, and after עַד it expresses the time up to which something occurs. The infinitive construct often takes a subject in a temporal phrase.