AWS API 1104 Endorsement flashcards
AWS API 1104 Endorsement · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- API 1104 scope
- Covers welding of pipelines and related facilities, including butt, fillet, and sleeve welds in carbon and low-alloy steel pipe used for transmission and distribution.
- Girth weld definition
- A circumferential butt weld joining two lengths of pipe end to end, typically made in the field and inspected by radiography or destructive testing.
- Essential variable
- A welding condition, such as process, filler classification, position, or preheat, whose change beyond specified limits requires requalification of the welding procedure or welder.
- Procedure qualification record
- A documented record of the test weld and results that demonstrates a welding procedure produces welds meeting API 1104 acceptance criteria.
- Welder qualification test
- A test weld made by an individual welder under controlled conditions to demonstrate the ability to produce acceptable welds per the qualified procedure.
- Qualification validity period
- Welder qualification remains valid provided the welder uses the process within a defined interval, commonly six months, and no essential variable changes.
- Radiographic testing acceptance
- Butt weld acceptance by radiography applies limits on crack, incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration, porosity, and slag based on size and distribution.
- Crack acceptance
- Cracks are generally unacceptable in API 1104 weld acceptance criteria regardless of size, location, or orientation in the completed girth weld.
- Incomplete fusion
- Lack of bonding between weld metal and base metal or between passes; commonly unacceptable in girth welds under API 1104 acceptance criteria.
- Incomplete penetration
- Failure of weld metal to extend through the joint root; typically unacceptable in girth welds and detected by radiography or destructive testing.
- Undercut limit
- A groove melted into the base metal at the weld toe; acceptance limits are stated as a fraction of wall thickness or a fixed depth.
- Hi-lo misalignment
- Radial offset between internal and external pipe surfaces at the joint; excessive misalignment is a visual acceptance concern and can affect weld quality.
- Cap height
- The height of the weld reinforcement above the pipe surface; excessive cap height is a visual acceptance concern and can cause stress concentration.
- Preheat purpose
- Raises base metal temperature before welding to slow cooling, reduce hydrogen cracking risk, and improve fusion in thicker or higher-carbon-equivalent pipe.
- Interpass temperature
- The temperature of the weld and adjacent base metal between passes; must stay within procedure limits to control cooling rate and mechanical properties.
- Carbon equivalent
- A calculated value combining carbon and alloying elements to estimate weldability; higher values generally require more preheat to avoid hydrogen cracking.
- Root pass
- The first pass deposited at the joint root; it establishes penetration and fusion and is critical to radiographic acceptance of the girth weld.
- Hot pass
- The pass immediately following the root, intended to refine the root, control slag, and ensure fusion before filling passes are applied.
- Fill and cap passes
- Passes that complete the joint thickness and form the weld reinforcement; their sequence and technique are procedure-controlled variables.
- Destructive testing coupon
- A test weld sectioned for bend, tensile, or nick-break tests to evaluate weld soundness and ductility when radiography is not the acceptance method.
- Nick-break test
- A destructive test where a notched weld specimen is broken to expose the weld cross section for examination of fusion, penetration, and defects.
- Root bend test
- A destructive test bending a specimen with the root in tension to reveal lack of penetration, fusion defects, or other root-region discontinuities.
- Face bend test
- A destructive test bending a specimen with the weld face in tension to evaluate ductility and surface defects in the weld cap region.
- Welding position 5G
- A fixed pipe test position with the pipe axis horizontal and the weld made around the circumference without rotating the pipe.
- Welding position 6G
- A fixed pipe test position with the pipe axis inclined at 45 degrees, considered the most demanding position for welder qualification.
- Downhill welding
- A progression technique where welding proceeds downward on vertical pipe; it is a procedure variable affecting qualification and is common in pipeline girth welds.
- Uphill welding
- A progression technique where welding proceeds upward on vertical pipe; it is a procedure variable that affects qualification and weld properties.
- Cellulose electrode
- A covered electrode commonly used for pipeline root passes; its cellulosic coating produces a forceful arc and deep penetration in downhill welding.
- Filler metal classification
- The specification and classification of the electrode or wire; a change in classification is typically an essential variable requiring requalification.
- Shielding gas change
- A change in shielding gas composition or flow for gas-shielded processes is generally an essential variable requiring procedure requalification.
- Wall thickness grouping
- Qualification on a given wall thickness covers a defined range of thicknesses; exceeding the upper limit of that range requires a new test.
- Repair weld qualification
- Repair welds in pipe are made under a qualified procedure and inspected to the same acceptance criteria as the original girth weld.