AZ Pesticide Applicator flashcards
AZ Pesticide Applicator · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Signal word DANGER-POISON
- Indicates the most acutely toxic pesticides, with oral LD50 of 50 mg/kg or less; requires skull-and-crossbones symbol and special handling precautions.
- PPE label requirement
- All personal protective equipment listed on the label must be worn simultaneously during mixing, loading, application, and other tasks the label specifies.
- Triple rinsing containers
- Fill an empty container one-quarter full with water, rinse 30 seconds, drain into the spray tank, and repeat three times before disposal.
- Cholinesterase inhibitor symptoms
- Organophosphate and carbamate poisoning causes salivation, lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, gastrointestinal upset, and emesis, requiring immediate medical attention.
- Pesticide storage rule
- Store pesticides in original labeled containers, locked, and away from food, feed, and water sources; never transfer to unlabeled or beverage containers.
- Skin absorption risk
- Pesticide absorption is highest through the scrotum, head, and neck; hands are a frequent exposure route, so chemical-resistant gloves are essential.
- Economic threshold
- The pest density at which control measures are justified to prevent economic loss; it is set below the economic injury level.
- Integrated Pest Management
- A decision process using prevention, monitoring, identification, thresholds, and combined biological, cultural, mechanical, and chemical tactics.
- Complete metamorphosis
- An insect life cycle of egg, larva, pupa, and adult; the larval stage is usually the damaging feeding stage in crops.
- Incomplete metamorphosis
- An insect life cycle of egg, nymph, and adult; nymphs and adults both feed on the host and resemble each other.
- Disease triangle
- Plant disease requires a susceptible host, a virulent pathogen, and a favorable environment; removing any one factor prevents disease development.
- Resistance management
- Rotate among pesticide mode-of-action groups and avoid repeated use of one group to slow the development of resistant pest populations.
- Weed life cycles
- Annuals complete their life cycle in one year, biennials in two years, and perennials live more than two years and often regrow from roots.
- Label is the law
- Use inconsistent with the pesticide label is a violation of FIFRA; the label and supplemental labeling govern all legal applications.
- Restricted-use pesticide
- A pesticide that may be applied only by or under the direct supervision of a certified applicator, as stated on the label.
- Preharvest interval
- The minimum number of days between the last pesticide application and harvest of the crop, as specified on the label.
- Reentry interval
- The minimum time after application during which workers may not enter a treated area without the required protective equipment.
- Section 24(c) registration
- A state-issued special local need registration that allows use of a product for a pest or site not covered by the federal label.
- Section 18 exemption
- An emergency exemption allowing unregistered use of a pesticide for a limited time when no registered alternative exists.
- Recordkeeping requirement
- Certified applicators must keep records of restricted-use pesticide applications for at least two years, or longer if the label requires.
- GPA formula
- Gallons per acre equals (GPM times 5940) divided by (MPH times nozzle spacing in inches), where GPM is output per nozzle.
- 1/128-acre calibration
- Measure 340 square feet, collect nozzle output over that distance, and the ounces collected equal gallons per acre.
- Pressure and flow
- Nozzle flow varies with the square root of pressure, so doubling pressure increases output only about 1.41 times.
- Nozzle replacement rule
- Replace worn nozzles when output exceeds 10 percent of the new nozzle rate or when tips vary more than 10 percent from each other.
- Boom height effect
- Lowering the boom reduces drift and improves coverage; raising it increases drift and can reduce uniformity of the spray pattern.
- Calibration variables
- Sprayer speed and pressure are the primary calibration variables; changing either requires recalculation to maintain the labeled rate.
- Drift factors
- Droplet size, wind speed, boom height, and temperature affect drift; use coarse droplets, lower booms, and larger nozzles to reduce movement.
- Temperature inversion
- A weather condition where warm air traps cooler air below; fine droplets can suspend and move long distances, so avoid spraying.
- Buffer zone
- A label-specified distance between the application area and sensitive sites such as water, wells, or homes that must remain untreated.
- Pollinator protection
- Avoid applying insecticides during bloom and follow label pollinator statements to prevent harm to bees and other beneficial insects.
- Rinse water disposal
- Dispose of rinse water and containers according to label and state rules; never dump into drains, ditches, or surface water.
- Spill response
- Contain spills with absorbent material, prevent runoff, and report pesticide incidents to the state lead agency as required.