BiH Theory A flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Right-hand traffic

In Bosnia and Herzegovina vehicles drive on the right side of the road, so overtaking is normally performed on the left, and drivers entering from the right generally have priority at unmarked intersections.

Warning sign shape

Triangular signs with a red border warn of hazards ahead such as curves, pedestrian crossings or slippery road surfaces, and require the driver to reduce speed and increase attention.

Roundabout priority

Unless signs indicate otherwise, vehicles entering a roundabout must yield to traffic already circulating inside it, which is the standard rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Flashing amber light

A flashing amber traffic light does not give priority; it means proceed cautiously and apply the normal priority rules or obey the police officer directing traffic.

Built-up area limit

The default speed limit inside built-up areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina is 50 km/h unless a posted sign sets a lower or higher value for that road.

Two-second rule

A safe following gap in dry weather is the distance travelled in two seconds; in rain it should be doubled, and on ice or snow increased much further.

Stopping distance formula

Stopping distance equals reaction distance plus braking distance; reaction distance rises linearly with speed while braking distance rises with the square of speed.

Alcohol limit

The general blood alcohol limit for drivers in Bosnia and Herzegovina is 0.3 g/kg, while professional drivers and novice drivers must have zero alcohol.

Fog driving lights

In fog, dipped headlights or fog lamps should be used; high beam is counterproductive because light reflects from water droplets and reduces the driver's own visibility.

Emergency vehicle response

When an emergency vehicle approaches with sirens and flashing lights, the driver must move to the right, slow down and stop if necessary to let it pass.

Overtaking prohibition

Overtaking is forbidden at pedestrian crossings, on bridges, in tunnels, at railway crossings and wherever visibility or road markings make the manoeuvre unsafe.

Tyre tread minimum

Passenger car tyres in Bosnia and Herzegovina need at least 1.6 mm of tread across the central three-quarters; winter tyres need 4 mm for winter use.

Cold tyre pressure

Tyre pressure must be measured when tyres are cold, because driving heats the air and raises pressure, giving a falsely high reading and hiding under-inflation.

Oil pressure warning

A red oil-pressure warning light while driving means the engine must be stopped immediately; continuing to drive risks destroying the engine through inadequate lubrication.

Brake fluid hygroscopy

Brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air over time, which lowers its boiling point and can cause vapour lock and brake fade during heavy or repeated braking.

Catalytic converter function

The catalytic converter converts carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides into less harmful gases, and requires unleaded fuel and correct mixture to work.

Coolant check safety

The coolant level is checked only with a cold engine; opening a hot, pressurised cooling system can release scalding steam and coolant under pressure.

Emergency number 112

In Bosnia and Herzegovina 112 reaches the unified emergency centre; 122 connects to police, 123 to the fire service and 124 to the ambulance service.

Scene safety first

At a crash scene the first action is protecting the scene: hazard lights on, warning triangle placed, reflective vest worn, before approaching any casualty.

Adult CPR ratio

Adult CPR uses 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths, at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute and a depth of about 5 to 6 cm.

Controlling severe bleeding

Severe external bleeding is controlled by firm direct pressure on the wound and a pressure bandage; a tourniquet is reserved for uncontrolled limb bleeding.

Helmet removal rule

A motorcycle helmet is left in place unless the airway is blocked, because removing it may worsen an undetected injury to the cervical spine.

Shock management

A casualty in shock is kept lying down, warm and calm; food and drink are withheld because of the risk of aspiration and complications during later treatment.

Documents to carry

Drivers must carry a valid driving licence, the vehicle registration certificate and proof of compulsory third-party liability insurance whenever driving.

Third-party insurance

Compulsory third-party liability insurance covers damage or injury caused to other persons; damage to the insured's own vehicle requires a separate comprehensive policy.

Refusing breath test

Refusing a breathalyser or blood test is a serious traffic offence in Bosnia and Herzegovina, penalised at least as severely as driving above the alcohol limit.

Leaving crash scene

Leaving the scene of an accident in which someone was injured is a criminal offence, not merely a traffic violation, and carries severe legal consequences.

Penalty point system

Penalty points accumulate on the driving record for traffic violations; reaching the statutory total triggers a driving ban and mandatory re-education measures.

Early upshift

Eco-driving recommends shifting up early, around 2000 rpm for petrol engines and 1500 to 1800 rpm for diesel, to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.

Idling fuel waste

Idling longer than about 30 seconds burns more fuel than restarting the engine, so switching off during long waits saves fuel and reduces emissions.

Aerodynamic drag

Roof racks, roof boxes and open windows increase aerodynamic drag, so removing unused racks lowers fuel consumption, especially at higher speeds.

Category B scope

Category B covers passenger cars up to 3500 kg with no more than eight passenger seats, and the minimum age for obtaining it is 18 years.

Category AM scope

Category AM covers mopeds with an engine up to 50 cm3 or 4 kW and a maximum design speed of 45 km/h, available from age 16.