Anatomy, Physiology and Skin Care
Anatomy and physiology basics
Know the major systems relevant to barbering: the skin, hair, nails and the circulatory and nervous systems. Understand the layers of the skin (epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous) and their functions. Learn the structure of the hair follicle, the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle. Know the bones of the skull and face that create the shape you work with, and the major muscles of the face and neck.
Skin care and facial services
Understand skin types (normal, dry, oily, combination) and how to assess them. Know the purpose of cleansing, exfoliation and moisturising, and when each is appropriate. Learn about common skin conditions and which require referral. Understand the basics of facial massage and its contraindications.
Traps to watch
Questions often test the names and functions of skin layers, or the difference between a muscle and a bone landmark. Remember that the epidermis is the outer protective layer, the dermis contains blood vessels and nerves, and the subcutaneous layer contains fat. Another trap is confusing arteries and veins, or sensory and motor nerves. Watch for questions about which conditions are contraindications for facial services.
Rule of thumb and worked example
Rule of thumb: know the layer, then the function, then the risk. Example: a client has a raised, inflamed area on the cheek. Since the dermis contains blood vessels and nerves, avoid massage over the area and refer if it looks infected.