Cadet College Admission key terms

The largest whole number that divides two or more given numbers exactly, leaving no remainder. It is found by listing factors or using prime factorisation.

The smallest non-zero number that is a multiple of each of two or more given numbers. It is used when adding fractions with unlike denominators.

Writing a composite number as a product of prime numbers only, for example 60 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 5. It is a reliable method for finding HCF and LCM.

A comparison of two quantities of the same kind, written as a : b or as a fraction. It shows how many times one quantity contains the other.

A statement that two ratios are equal, such as 2 : 3 = 8 : 12. In a direct proportion, both quantities increase or decrease together at a constant rate.

A problem-solving technique in which the value of one unit is found first, then multiplied to obtain the value of the required number of units.

Money paid for the use of a principal sum, calculated only on the original principal as I = P x R x T / 100, without adding earlier interest.

The original sum of money borrowed or invested, on which interest is calculated. It is denoted by P in interest and profit formulas.

The sum of a set of quantities divided by the number of quantities. It gives a single value representing the whole set.

A fraction or ratio expressed as a part of one hundred, using the symbol %. For example, 45 out of 100 is written as 45%.

A word that names a person, place, thing, or idea, such as teacher, Dhaka, book, or honesty. Nouns can be common, proper, collective, or abstract.

A word used in place of a noun to avoid repetition, such as he, she, it, they, or whom. The noun it replaces is called its antecedent.

A word that describes or limits a noun or pronoun, telling its quality, quantity, or number, as in a tall boy or three books.

A word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, usually telling how, when, where, or to what extent an action happens.

The rule that a verb must match its subject in number and person, so a singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb.

The form of a verb that shows the time of an action or state, whether present, past, or future, and whether the action is ongoing or completed.

Voice shows whether the subject performs or receives the action. In the active voice the subject acts; in the passive voice the object becomes the subject.

A word placed before a noun or pronoun to show its relation to another word in the sentence, such as in, on, under, at, or between.

A fixed group of words whose meaning cannot be understood from the meanings of the individual words, such as 'to smell a rat' meaning to suspect something.

A synonym is a word with nearly the same meaning as another, such as big and large. An antonym is a word with the opposite meaning, such as big and small.

The armed struggle of 1971 in which the people of Bangladesh, led by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, fought for independence from Pakistan and won victory on 16 December 1971.

The movement in East Pakistan demanding that Bangla be made a state language, which reached its climax on 21 February 1952 when students were killed in Dhaka. It is now International Mother Language Day.

The provisional government of Bangladesh formed on 17 April 1971 at Mujibnagar in Meherpur, with Tajuddin Ahmad as Prime Minister, which led the nation during the Liberation War.

The six-point demand placed by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in 1966 at Lahore for greater autonomy of East Pakistan, widely regarded as the charter of Bengali freedom.

The song 'Amar Sonar Bangla', written by Rabindranath Tagore, which was adopted as the national anthem of Bangladesh after independence in 1971.

The process by which green plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make food (glucose) in their leaves, releasing oxygen as a by-product.

The green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells that absorbs sunlight and makes photosynthesis possible. It gives leaves their green colour.

The process by which living cells break down food to release energy, using oxygen and producing carbon dioxide and water. It occurs in all living organisms.

Three rules describing how forces affect motion: an object stays at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by a force; force equals mass times acceleration; every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

A push or pull that can change the speed, direction, or shape of an object. It is measured in newtons and has both magnitude and direction.

The natural force of attraction between any two masses, which pulls objects towards the centre of the Earth and keeps planets in orbit around the Sun.

An acid is a substance that tastes sour, turns blue litmus red, and releases hydrogen ions. A base is bitter, feels soapy, turns red litmus blue, and neutralises acids.

A scale from 0 to 14 that measures how acidic or basic a solution is. Values below 7 are acidic, 7 is neutral, and above 7 is basic.

দুই বা ততোধিক ধ্বনির মিলনের ফলে যে নতুন ধ্বনি বা রূপ তৈরি হয়, তাকে সন্ধি বলে; যেমন বিদ্যা + আলয় = বিদ্যালয়। এটি বাংলা ব্যাকরণের একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বিষয়।

একাধিক পদের অর্থ সংক্ষেপ করে একটি পদে পরিণত করার প্রক্রিয়াকে সমাস বলে; যেমন মাতা ও পিতা = মাতাপিতা। সমাসে সমাসবদ্ধ পদ তৈরি হয়।

বাক্যের ক্রিয়ার সঙ্গে বিশেষ্যের যে সম্পর্ক থাকে, তাকে কারক বলে। এটি কর্তৃ, কর্ম, করণ, সম্প্রদান, অপাদান ও অধিকরণ-এই ছয় প্রকার।

The Islamic festival celebrated on the first day of Shawwal, marking the end of the month-long fast of Ramadan. Muslims offer special prayers and give zakat al-fitr.

The fourth pillar of Islam: abstaining from food, drink, and other permitted things from dawn to sunset during Ramadan, as an act of obedience and self-discipline.

The third pillar of Islam: an obligatory annual payment of a fixed portion of one's wealth to the poor and needy, purifying wealth and helping the community.

A short piece of writing on one topic with a clear topic sentence, supporting details, and a concluding sentence. It should have unity and coherence.

The sentence, usually first in a paragraph, that states the main idea of the paragraph and tells the reader what the rest of the paragraph will discuss.

A longer piece of writing with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion that presents and develops a central argument or idea in an organised way.