BD Police SI Written cheat sheet

Parts of speech are eight: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, interjection.

Present perfect (have/has + past participle) links a past action to present relevance; simple past is used with a definite finished time.

Passive voice forms with be + past participle; the object of the active sentence becomes the subject.

Reported speech shifts tense one step back when the reporting verb is in the past; time words change (now→then, today→that day).

Conditional Type 1: if + present simple, will + base verb; Type 2: if + past simple, would + base; Type 3: if + past perfect, would have + past participle.

Relative clauses: 'who/which/that' for defining clauses; a comma plus 'which' marks a non-defining clause.

Key literary periods: Elizabethan (Shakespeare, Marlowe), Romantic (Wordsworth, Coleridge, Keats), Victorian (Tennyson, Dickens, Hardy).

'Paradise Lost' is an epic by John Milton; 'The Waste Land' (1922) is by T. S. Eliot.

Figures of speech: simile uses like/as; metaphor states one thing is another; personification gives human traits to non-human things.

Average = sum of terms ÷ number of terms; if a value x replaces y, new average changes by (x − y)/n.

Percentage change = (new − old)/old × 100; successive changes of a% and b% give net a + b + ab/100.

Simple interest = P × R × T / 100; compound amount = P(1 + R/100)^T.

Profit% = (SP − CP)/CP × 100; discount% is calculated on the marked price.

Speed = distance ÷ time; for equal distances at speeds a and b, average speed = 2ab/(a + b).

Work: if A finishes in x days and B in y days, together they take xy/(x + y) days.

Ratio and proportion: if a:b = c:d then ad = bc; divide a quantity Q in ratio a:b as Qa/(a+b) and Qb/(a+b).

Number series and coding-decoding: check differences, squares/cubes, and letter-position shifts (A=1 … Z=26).

Area formulas: triangle ½ × base × height; circle πr²; rectangle length × breadth; Pythagoras a² + b² = c².

The United Nations was founded on 24 October 1945; its headquarters is in New York and it has 193 member states.

SAARC was established in 1985 in Dhaka; its secretariat is in Kathmandu, Nepal.

The Nobel Prize is awarded in six categories; the Peace Prize is announced in Oslo, Norway.

Bangladesh joined the United Nations in 1974 and became a member of the WTO in 1995.

SDG framework: 17 goals and 169 targets, adopted in 2015 with a 2030 deadline.

The World Bank and IMF were set up at the 1944 Bretton Woods conference; both are headquartered in Washington, D.C.

Current-affairs items should be verified against official sources (government gazettes, PIB, UN/SAARC websites) before use; unverified figures must be flagged.

The 1947 partition created Pakistan; the language movement peaked on 21 February 1952 when students were killed in Dhaka.

The Six-Point demand was placed in Lahore in 1966; the 1970 election gave the Awami League a majority.

Operation Searchlight began on the night of 25–26 March 1971; independence was declared on 26 March 1971.

The Mujibnagar government was formed on 17 April 1971; the Instrument of Surrender was signed on 16 December 1971.

Bangladesh has an area of about 1,47,570 sq km, bounded by India, Myanmar and the Bay of Bengal; the Tropic of Cancer crosses it.

Major rivers: Padma, Meghna, Jamuna, Brahmaputra, Karnaphuli; the Sundarbans is the world's largest mangrove forest.

Divisions number eight: Dhaka, Chattogram, Rajshahi, Khulna, Barishal, Sylhet, Rangpur and Mymensingh.

The Constitution of Bangladesh was adopted on 4 November 1972 and took effect on 16 December 1972.

The Constitution of Bangladesh has a Preamble and, as originally framed, 153 articles in 11 parts; it declares nationalism, socialism, democracy and secularism as fundamental principles.

Fundamental rights are in Part III (Articles 26–47); Article 27 guarantees equality before law.

The Supreme Court has two divisions: Appellate Division and High Court Division.

The Penal Code, 1860 and the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 govern substantive and procedural criminal law; the Evidence Act, 1872 governs proof.

Cognizable offences allow police to investigate without a magistrate's order; non-cognizable offences require one.

FIR is recorded under section 154 CrPC; a complaint case is filed before a magistrate under section 200 CrPC.

Arrest without warrant is permitted under section 54 CrPC in specified situations; the arrested person must be produced before a magistrate within 24 hours.

Bail provisions appear in sections 496–498 CrPC; anticipatory bail is granted by the High Court Division.

The Police Act, 1861 established the police as an organised force under a district superintendent answerable to the magistrate.

The Police Regulations, Bengal (PRB) 1943 set out duties of police stations and officers in Bangladesh.

The Police (Amendment) Act, 2023 introduced provisions on cyber investigation and discipline; the Police Act, 1861 still forms the base.

A police station is the basic unit; the officer-in-charge (OC) is responsible for law and order and for registering cases.

Investigation steps: recording FIR, visiting the scene, examining witnesses under section 161 CrPC, collecting evidence, and submitting a charge sheet or final report under section 173 CrPC.

Inquest is held under section 174 CrPC; a magistrate may hold a judicial inquest.

Community policing and beat policing are used to build trust; the 'Police Community Support' model is common in Bangladesh.

Handling a crime scene: secure the area, avoid contaminating evidence, photograph, and maintain chain of custody.

A computer has input, processing, storage and output units; the CPU contains the ALU and control unit.

Memory: RAM is volatile, ROM is non-volatile; 1 KB = 1024 bytes, 1 MB = 1024 KB, 1 GB = 1024 MB.

Operating systems manage hardware and software; examples include Windows, Linux, macOS and Android.

MS Word: Ctrl+C copy, Ctrl+V paste, Ctrl+Z undo, Ctrl+S save, Ctrl+P print.

A spreadsheet stores data in cells; a formula begins with '=' and functions like SUM, AVERAGE and IF are common.

Networking: LAN covers a small area; WAN spans large distances; the internet uses TCP/IP.

Cybercrime examples: phishing, identity theft, hacking, ransomware; the Cyber Security Act, 2023 covers related offences in Bangladesh.

A strong password should be long, mixed-case, and include digits and symbols; two-factor authentication adds security.

An essay has three parts: introduction, body and conclusion; the introduction states the thesis, the body argues, the conclusion restates.

Paragraph unity requires a single controlling idea; coherence uses linking words (however, therefore, moreover).

Formal letter format: sender address, date, recipient address, salutation, subject line, body, closing and signature.

Analytical reasoning: identify the premise and conclusion; distinguish assumption from evidence.

Syllogism rules: a valid conclusion must follow from premises; 'all A are B, all B are C' yields 'all A are C'.

Data interpretation: read the axis labels and units first; compute averages and percentage changes step by step.

Precis writing: retain the central idea, cut examples, and keep the same tense and person as the original.

Report writing includes a heading, date, place, source and a factual account in past tense.

বাংলা বর্ণমালায় স্বরবর্ণ ১১টি ও ব্যঞ্জনবর্ণ ৩৯টি; মোট ৫০টি বর্ণ, সঙ্গে ১০টি যুক্তাক্ষর ও ৩টি ফলা।

স্বরবর্ণ দুই ভাগে বিভক্ত: হ্রস্ব (অ, ই, উ, ঋ) ও দীর্ঘ (আ, ঈ, ঊ, এ, ঐ, ও, ঔ)।

বাংলা শব্দভাণ্ডার উৎস অনুযায়ী তৎসম, অর্ধতৎসম, তদ্ভব, দেশি ও বিদেশি - এই পাঁচ শ্রেণিতে বিভক্ত।

সন্ধি প্রধানত দুই প্রকার: স্বরসন্ধি ও ব্যঞ্জনসন্ধি; অতিরিক্তভাবে বিসর্গসন্ধি ও নিপাতনে সিদ্ধ সন্ধি স্বীকৃত।

সমাসের প্রধান ভেদ ছয়টি: দ্বন্দ্ব, কর্মধারয়, তৎপুরুষ, বহুব্রীহি, দ্বিগু ও অব্যয়ীভাব।

কারক ও বিভক্তি ছয় প্রকার: কর্তৃ, কর্ম, করণ, সম্প্রদান, অপাদান ও অধিকরণ।

প্রাচীন বাংলা সাহিত্যের আদি নিদর্শন চর্যাপদ (আবিষ্কার ১৯০৭, হরপ্রসাদ শাস্ত্রী); রচনাকাল আনুমানিক ৯৫০–১২০০ খ্রিস্টাব্দ।

মধ্যযুগে শ্রীকৃষ্ণকীর্তন (বড়ু চণ্ডীদাস) ও মঙ্গলকাব্য ধারা; অন্নদামঙ্গল রচনা করেন ভারতচন্দ্র রায়গুণাকর।

আধুনিক যুগে রবীন্দ্রনাথ প্রথম নোবেল পান ১৯১৩ সালে গীতাঞ্জলির ইংরেজি অনুবাদের জন্য; কাজী নজরুল ইসলামকে ‘বিদ্রোহী কবি’ বলা হয়।

Parts of speech are eight: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, interjection.

Present perfect (have/has + past participle) links a past action to present relevance; simple past is used with a definite finished time.

Passive voice forms with be + past participle; the object of the active sentence becomes the subject.

Reported speech shifts tense one step back when the reporting verb is in the past; time words change (now→then, today→that day).

Conditional Type 1: if + present simple, will + base verb; Type 2: if + past simple, would + base; Type 3: if + past perfect, would have + past participle.

Relative clauses: 'who/which/that' for defining clauses; a comma plus 'which' marks a non-defining clause.

Key literary periods: Elizabethan (Shakespeare, Marlowe), Romantic (Wordsworth, Coleridge, Keats), Victorian (Tennyson, Dickens, Hardy).

'Paradise Lost' is an epic by John Milton; 'The Waste Land' (1922) is by T. S. Eliot.

Figures of speech: simile uses like/as; metaphor states one thing is another; personification gives human traits to non-human things.

Average = sum of terms ÷ number of terms; if a value x replaces y, new average changes by (x − y)/n.

Percentage change = (new − old)/old × 100; successive changes of a% and b% give net a + b + ab/100.

Simple interest = P × R × T / 100; compound amount = P(1 + R/100)^T.

Profit% = (SP − CP)/CP × 100; discount% is calculated on the marked price.

Speed = distance ÷ time; for equal distances at speeds a and b, average speed = 2ab/(a + b).

Work: if A finishes in x days and B in y days, together they take xy/(x + y) days.

Ratio and proportion: if a:b = c:d then ad = bc; divide a quantity Q in ratio a:b as Qa/(a+b) and Qb/(a+b).

Number series and coding-decoding: check differences, squares/cubes, and letter-position shifts (A=1 … Z=26).

Area formulas: triangle ½ × base × height; circle πr²; rectangle length × breadth; Pythagoras a² + b² = c².

The United Nations was founded on 24 October 1945; its headquarters is in New York and it has 193 member states.

SAARC was established in 1985 in Dhaka; its secretariat is in Kathmandu, Nepal.

The Nobel Prize is awarded in six categories; the Peace Prize is announced in Oslo, Norway.

Bangladesh joined the United Nations in 1974 and became a member of the WTO in 1995.

SDG framework: 17 goals and 169 targets, adopted in 2015 with a 2030 deadline.

The World Bank and IMF were set up at the 1944 Bretton Woods conference; both are headquartered in Washington, D.C.

Current-affairs items should be verified against official sources (government gazettes, PIB, UN/SAARC websites) before use; unverified figures must be flagged.

The 1947 partition created Pakistan; the language movement peaked on 21 February 1952 when students were killed in Dhaka.

The Six-Point demand was placed in Lahore in 1966; the 1970 election gave the Awami League a majority.

Operation Searchlight began on the night of 25–26 March 1971; independence was declared on 26 March 1971.

The Mujibnagar government was formed on 17 April 1971; the Instrument of Surrender was signed on 16 December 1971.

Bangladesh has an area of about 1,47,570 sq km, bounded by India, Myanmar and the Bay of Bengal; the Tropic of Cancer crosses it.

Major rivers: Padma, Meghna, Jamuna, Brahmaputra, Karnaphuli; the Sundarbans is the world's largest mangrove forest.

Divisions number eight: Dhaka, Chattogram, Rajshahi, Khulna, Barishal, Sylhet, Rangpur and Mymensingh.

The Constitution of Bangladesh was adopted on 4 November 1972 and took effect on 16 December 1972.

The Constitution of Bangladesh has a Preamble and, as originally framed, 153 articles in 11 parts; it declares nationalism, socialism, democracy and secularism as fundamental principles.

Fundamental rights are in Part III (Articles 26–47); Article 27 guarantees equality before law.

The Supreme Court has two divisions: Appellate Division and High Court Division.

The Penal Code, 1860 and the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 govern substantive and procedural criminal law; the Evidence Act, 1872 governs proof.

Cognizable offences allow police to investigate without a magistrate's order; non-cognizable offences require one.

FIR is recorded under section 154 CrPC; a complaint case is filed before a magistrate under section 200 CrPC.

Arrest without warrant is permitted under section 54 CrPC in specified situations; the arrested person must be produced before a magistrate within 24 hours.

Bail provisions appear in sections 496–498 CrPC; anticipatory bail is granted by the High Court Division.

The Police Act, 1861 established the police as an organised force under a district superintendent answerable to the magistrate.

The Police Regulations, Bengal (PRB) 1943 set out duties of police stations and officers in Bangladesh.

The Police (Amendment) Act, 2023 introduced provisions on cyber investigation and discipline; the Police Act, 1861 still forms the base.

A police station is the basic unit; the officer-in-charge (OC) is responsible for law and order and for registering cases.

Investigation steps: recording FIR, visiting the scene, examining witnesses under section 161 CrPC, collecting evidence, and submitting a charge sheet or final report under section 173 CrPC.

Inquest is held under section 174 CrPC; a magistrate may hold a judicial inquest.

Community policing and beat policing are used to build trust; the 'Police Community Support' model is common in Bangladesh.

Handling a crime scene: secure the area, avoid contaminating evidence, photograph, and maintain chain of custody.

A computer has input, processing, storage and output units; the CPU contains the ALU and control unit.

Memory: RAM is volatile, ROM is non-volatile; 1 KB = 1024 bytes, 1 MB = 1024 KB, 1 GB = 1024 MB.

Operating systems manage hardware and software; examples include Windows, Linux, macOS and Android.

MS Word: Ctrl+C copy, Ctrl+V paste, Ctrl+Z undo, Ctrl+S save, Ctrl+P print.

A spreadsheet stores data in cells; a formula begins with '=' and functions like SUM, AVERAGE and IF are common.

Networking: LAN covers a small area; WAN spans large distances; the internet uses TCP/IP.

Cybercrime examples: phishing, identity theft, hacking, ransomware; the Cyber Security Act, 2023 covers related offences in Bangladesh.

A strong password should be long, mixed-case, and include digits and symbols; two-factor authentication adds security.

An essay has three parts: introduction, body and conclusion; the introduction states the thesis, the body argues, the conclusion restates.

Paragraph unity requires a single controlling idea; coherence uses linking words (however, therefore, moreover).

Formal letter format: sender address, date, recipient address, salutation, subject line, body, closing and signature.

Analytical reasoning: identify the premise and conclusion; distinguish assumption from evidence.

Syllogism rules: a valid conclusion must follow from premises; 'all A are B, all B are C' yields 'all A are C'.

Data interpretation: read the axis labels and units first; compute averages and percentage changes step by step.

Precis writing: retain the central idea, cut examples, and keep the same tense and person as the original.

Report writing includes a heading, date, place, source and a factual account in past tense.