Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure
Core concepts
Understand the administrative act, its requirements, and the grounds for its annulment. Master administrative procedure: initiation, evidence, the right to be heard, the reasoned decision, and the appeal to a higher administrative body or to the court. Know the types of administrative sanctions and the principles of legality, proportionality and equality. Understand the enforcement of administrative acts, including the role of bailiffs where the administration uses enforcement agents.
Traps
Questions confuse the appeal against an administrative act with a claim for damages from unlawful administrative action. Another trap concerns the time limits for appeal and whether the act is subject to preliminary execution. Watch for confusion between the annulment of an act and its revocation by the issuing authority.
Rule of thumb
Identify whether the act is individual or general, then check the appeal route and time limit; preliminary execution is the exception and must be expressly ordered.