Bulgarian State Bailiff Competition Exam study guide
Bulgarian State Bailiff Competition Exam · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
The Bulgarian State Bailiff Competition Exam (конкурс за държавен съдебен изпълнител) is the competitive selection procedure through which candidates seek appointment as state bailiffs in Bulgaria. State bailiffs are the public officials attached to the district courts who carry out enforcement of judgments, writs and other enforceable instruments, and who perform related tasks such as service of documents, seizure and public sale of assets, and distribution of collected sums. The Bulgarian State Bailiff Competition Exam study guide has 11 sections and about 2,421 words.
01Constitutional Foundations and the Structure of the Judicial System
A candidate must command the constitutional architecture of the Bulgarian judiciary. Understand the separation of powers under the Constitution, the status of the Supreme Judicial Council as the body that appoints, promotes, transfers and dismisses magistrates, and the distinction between the Supreme Court of Cassation, the Supreme Administrative Court, the appellate and district courts, and the prosecution service.
283 words, about 1 min02Civil Law and Obligations
Master the general theory of obligations: sources (contract, tort, unjust enrichment, negotiorum gestio), the requirements for valid contract formation, representation and mandate, and the effects of non-performance. Understand solutio indebiti, the distinction between joint and several liability, and the rules on assignment of claims and assumption of debt, which matter when a bailiff identifies enforceable claims.
275 words, about 1 min03Property Law and Real Rights
Understand the classification of real rights: ownership, limited real rights (right of use, servitude, usufruct, building right, mortgage), and possession as a factual state. Master the modes of acquiring ownership, especially transfer by contract requiring form and registration, acquisitive prescription, and accession.
238 words, about 1 min04Family and Inheritance Law
Know the matrimonial property regimes, especially the statutory community of property and the ability to contract a separate regime. Understand the rights of the surviving spouse, the reserved share of heirs, and the classes of intestate heirs.
243 words, about 1 min05Civil Procedure and Enforcement Procedure
Understand the structure of civil proceedings: claim, defence, evidence, judgment, appeal and cassation. Know the requirements for a writ of execution and the grounds for enforcement.
229 words, about 1 min06Commercial Law and Insolvency
Know the forms of commercial companies, their organs, and the liability of partners and managers. Understand commercial transactions, the merchant's obligations, and the rules on commercial representation.
195 words, under 1 min07Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure
Understand the administrative act, its requirements, and the grounds for its annulment. Master administrative procedure: initiation, evidence, the right to be heard, the reasoned decision, and the appeal to a higher administrative body or to the court.
195 words, under 1 min08Criminal Law and Procedure Relevant to Enforcement
Know the offences that arise in enforcement: obstruction of enforcement, removal or concealment of seized property, false declarations of assets, and fraud against creditors. Understand criminal procedure basics: the pre-trial phase, the role of the prosecutor, the rights of the accused, and the relationship between criminal and civil proceedings.
195 words, under 1 min09Tax and Social Security Enforcement
Understand the public-law claim, the tax assessment act, and the enforcement of tax and social security debts by the revenue authority. Know the rules on the enforceable title in public enforcement, the notice to the debtor, seizure of accounts and property, and the ranking of public claims against private ones.
191 words, under 1 min10Professional Ethics and Bailiff Liability
Understand the bailiff's duties of independence, impartiality, confidentiality and diligence. Know the disciplinary offences, the disciplinary bodies, and the sanctions available.
180 words, under 1 min11EU Law and International Judicial Cooperation
Know the EU instruments relevant to cross-border enforcement: the Brussels I regime on jurisdiction and recognition of judgments, the European Enforcement Order, the European Order for Payment, and the Small Claims Procedure. Understand the principle of mutual recognition and the grounds for refusing recognition.
197 words, under 1 min