Labor and Social Security Law
Protection and balance
Labor law balances employer management with employee protection. Know the employment contract, working time, leave, discipline, termination, and social insurance.
Concepts you must know
- Employment contract: form, trial period, fixed term, modification.
- Working time, rest, annual leave, overtime limits.
- Health and safety duties; employer liability for accidents at work.
- Disciplinary liability and termination: grounds, notice, severance, protection categories.
- Social security: contributions, benefits, sickness, maternity, pension.
Traps
- Confusing termination with immediate effect (disciplinary dismissal) and termination with notice.
- Forgetting protected categories (pregnant employees, union representatives).
- Treating a civil contract as an employment contract when subordination exists.
- Missing appeal deadlines before the labor court.
Worked example
An employer dismisses a pregnant employee for redundancy. Rule of thumb: check whether she falls within a protected category and whether the redundancy is genuine; if protection applies, the dismissal is unlawful and reinstatement plus compensation may follow.
Rule of thumb
Classify the relationship, then the termination ground, then the procedural steps and deadlines.