Bulgaria ADR Driver study guide
Bulgaria ADR Driver · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
The Bulgarian ADR driver certificate is the national credential that allows a driver to transport dangerous goods by road in accordance with the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR). In Bulgaria it is issued after completing an approved training course and passing the corresponding examination; the certificate is recognised for international carriage as well. The Bulgaria ADR Driver study guide has 12 sections and about 2,948 words.
01General Requirements and Legal Framework: ADR, National Rules, Driver Obligations and Liability
ADR is a treaty that harmonises dangerous goods transport across contracting parties. It is built from the Agreement text, the two Annexes (A on classification, packaging and documentation; B on vehicle equipment, crew and operation), and the annexed regulations set out in Parts 1 to 9.
348 words, about 2 min02Classification of Dangerous Goods, Hazard Properties and Classes
ADR classifies dangerous goods into nine classes: 1 explosives, 2 gases, 3 flammable liquids, 4.1 flammable solids, 4.2 spontaneously combustible, 4.3 water-reactive, 5.1 oxidising, 5.2 organic peroxides, 6.1 toxic, 6.2 infectious, 7 radioactive, 8 corrosive, 9 miscellaneous. Subclasses matter: a substance in 4.2 behaves very differently from 4.1.
293 words, about 1 min03Packaging, IBCs, Large Packagings, Tanks and Vehicle Equipment
ADR requires packaging to be of a design type tested and marked (UN packaging code), and to be used within its tested limits. The UN mark shows the packaging code, packing group, year of manufacture and the competent authority.
303 words, about 2 min04Marking, Labelling, Placarding and Documentation
Each package must carry the UN number and the proper shipping name, plus hazard labels for the primary and subsidiary risks. Labels are diamond-shaped; the class number appears at the bottom.
279 words, about 1 min05Vehicle Crew Behaviour, Loading, Unloading and Handling of Packages
Crew members must be trained, must not smoke or use open flame during loading, unloading or transport, and must keep the vehicle under supervision. Loading and unloading must be done so that packages are not damaged, do not shift, and do not create a hazard.
272 words, about 1 min06Driving and Vehicle Operation, Supervision and Parking
Dangerous goods vehicles must be driven smoothly: no harsh braking, no sharp cornering, and reduced speed where required. The driver must observe national speed limits and any special restrictions for dangerous goods.
269 words, about 1 min07Incidents, Emergencies, First Aid and Firefighting
On an incident, the driver must stop safely, switch off the engine, apply the parking brake, warn other traffic, and keep people away. The instructions in writing give the emergency actions for each class.
241 words, about 1 min08Tunnel Restrictions and Special Rules for Dangerous Goods Transport
ADR defines tunnel categories A to E based on risk. Category A has no restrictions; category E restricts the most dangerous goods.
224 words, about 1 min09Mixed Loading, Segregation and Prohibited Combinations
Some goods react dangerously if they mix: oxidisers with flammables, acids with cyanides, water-reactive substances with anything wet. ADR sets mixed-loading rules and, for some combinations, prohibits loading in the same vehicle or requires separation.
179 words, under 1 min10Safety Equipment, Personal Protection and Vehicle Safety Systems
ADR requires the vehicle to carry fire extinguishers, warning signs, wheel chocks, and for some classes additional equipment. The driver must carry personal protective equipment: gloves, eye protection, and where required, a respiratory mask and protective clothing.
172 words, under 1 min11Environmental Protection and Waste Handling
The driver must prevent spills from reaching soil, drains and watercourses. Spills must be contained with the absorbent material carried, and reported.
157 words, under 1 min12Special Provisions for Specific Classes: Class 1, Class 7 and Class 2
Class 1 is divided into divisions 1.1 to 1.6 and compatibility groups A to S. The division gives the hazard, the compatibility group gives the loading rules.
211 words, about 1 min