Bulgaria Driver CPC flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Total stopping distance

Sum of reaction distance and braking distance. Reaction distance equals speed in km/h divided by ten times three; braking distance increases with the square of speed.

Two-second rule

Minimum dry-road following gap measured as the time between the vehicle ahead passing a fixed point and your own vehicle reaching it; double in rain.

Engine braking downhill

Selecting a low gear and using the retarder or exhaust brake on long descents to prevent service-brake overheating and fade, keeping the brakes cool for emergencies.

Rollover threshold

A vehicle's resistance to tipping in a turn, lowered by a high centre of gravity, soft suspension, and high lateral acceleration from fast cornering or sudden steering.

Daily driving limit

Nine hours maximum per day, extendable to ten hours twice in a week; a day runs between the end of one daily or weekly rest and the start of the next.

Fortnightly driving limit

Maximum 90 hours of driving across any two consecutive weeks, with a single week capped at 56 hours and never more than 60 hours in one week.

Split daily rest

Daily rest of at least 11 hours may be split into a first period of at least three hours and a second of at least nine hours, in that order.

Reduced weekly rest

At least 24 hours instead of 45, allowed with compensation taken en bloc before the end of the third week following the week concerned.

Break after 4.5 hours

After four and a half hours of driving, take at least 45 minutes, either continuous or split into 15 minutes followed by 30 minutes in that order.

ADR orange plate

Rectangular orange plate showing the hazard identification number above the UN number; mounted front and rear of vehicles carrying dangerous goods above threshold quantities.

Fatigue impairment

After around 17 hours awake, reaction time and vigilance can resemble a blood alcohol concentration of 0.05%; only sleep restores performance.

Alcohol elimination rate

The body clears roughly 0.10 to 0.15 grams per litre of blood alcohol per hour; coffee, fresh air, and cold showers do not speed this up.

Eco-driving techniques

Progressive acceleration, early upshifting around 1,200 to 1,500 rpm, anticipation, and avoiding idling can reduce fuel use by 5 to 15 percent.

Load planning principles

Distribute mass evenly, place heavy items low and over the drive axles, secure against movement, and never exceed axle or gross vehicle weight ratings.

AdBlue function

Urea solution injected into the exhaust in selective catalytic reduction systems to convert nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water; dilution or contamination causes faults.

Pre-trip inspection

Check tyres and pressures, lights, brakes, oil, coolant, wipers, mirrors, and load security before departure; faults found must be recorded and corrected.

Minimum tyre tread depth

Heavy goods vehicles require at least 1 mm of tread across three-quarters of the tyre width; pressures are always checked when tyres are cold.

Air brake pressure

System pressure normally builds to about 8 to 8.5 bar at cut-out; a warning below roughly 4.5 to 5.5 bar indicates insufficient pressure to brake safely.

Brake fade

Loss of retardation caused by overheating of brake linings or drums, producing a long pedal; cooling and engine braking restore effectiveness.

Tyre blowout response

Grip the wheel firmly, avoid hard braking, ease off the accelerator, keep steering straight, and slow gradually to a safe stop off the carriageway.

Dashboard warning colours

Red means stop as soon as it is safe, amber means caution and check the system, and green or blue shows a function is operating normally.

Pedestrian impact speed

Fatality risk rises steeply above 50 km/h impact speed; at around 30 km/h most struck pedestrians survive, which justifies low urban limits.

Junction routine

Use mirror, signal, manoeuvre; approach at a speed allowing a stop; give way to traffic already on the roundabout and to the right where applicable.

Accident scene procedure

Secure the site, warn approaching traffic, call emergency services, give first aid within your competence, and exchange details without admitting liability.

Skid recovery

Release the brake to restore steering, look and steer where you want to go, and avoid sudden inputs; smooth corrections work best on low-friction surfaces.

Vulnerable road user check

Cyclists and motorcyclists can hide beside the cab and be missed at roundabouts; check mirrors twice and signal before turning.

Tachograph record types

Driving, other work, availability, and rest; availability counts as break only in defined circumstances, and all gaps require manual entries.

Manual entry requirement

All periods not recorded automatically, such as ferry crossings or work away from the vehicle, must be entered manually on the tachograph or record sheet.

Multi-manning daily rest

When two drivers are on board, each may take a daily rest of at least nine hours within a 30-hour period from the start of the shift.

Tachograph download deadlines

Operators download vehicle unit data at least every 90 days and driver card data at least every 28 days, retaining records for at least one year.

Compensation for reduced rest

Hours reduced from a weekly rest must be repaid en bloc with another rest of at least nine hours before the end of the third following week.

Signed printouts

Printouts made during a roadside check must be signed by the driver and kept; they serve as evidence when card data are missing or corrupted.