Road Traffic Law and Regulations (Закон за движението по пътищата)
Core concepts
The Bulgarian Road Traffic Act (Закон за движението по пътищата, ЗДвП) and its implementing Regulation No. I-45/2000 set out who may use the road, how, and with what priority. A candidate must know the duty hierarchy: general obligations (care, no obstruction, no damage to road infrastructure), specific rules (speed, lane use, overtaking, stopping and parking, level crossings, pedestrian priority), and the documentation every driver must carry (driving licence, registration certificate, compulsory third-party liability insurance, and for heavy vehicles the transport documents). Learn the vocabulary precisely: пътно платно (carriageway), лента (lane), банкет (verge), кръстовище (junction), предимство (priority), изпреварване (overtaking), and разминаване (passing an oncoming vehicle).
Traps in questions
The commonest errors are confusing "stop" with "give way", assuming priority on a main road even when a traffic controller is present, and misreading the difference between overtaking (изпреварване) and passing (разминаване). Questions also test the order of authority of signals: traffic controller first, then traffic lights, then road signs, then markings. Another trap is the obligation to give way to pedestrians already on a crossing, and the rule that entering a junction when the exit is blocked is prohibited even on green.
Worked example / rule of thumb
Rule of thumb: "Controller beats lights, lights beat signs, signs beat markings." Applied example: at a junction with a working traffic light showing green, a sign says "Give way". The green light prevails, so you proceed - but only if the exit is clear and you still yield to any pedestrian already crossing.