Labour and Social Security Law
Core concepts
Study the employment contract: formation, content, amendment, and termination. Know the grounds for dismissal and the procedural guarantees (notice, reasons, prior consent where required). Understand working time, leave, and the protection of special categories (pregnant workers, minors). In social security, learn the contribution-based system, the types of benefits, and the appeal routes against decisions of the social security authorities.
Traps in questions
- Dismissal requires a lawful ground and the prescribed procedure; a valid ground without procedure is unlawful.
- Notice periods and severance differ; do not treat them as interchangeable.
- The employer bears the burden of proving the lawfulness of dismissal.
- Social security decisions are challenged through administrative appeal, not directly by civil claim.
Worked example
An employer dismisses an employee for redundancy without prior consultation where required. Rule of thumb: the dismissal is unlawful despite a genuine economic reason, because the procedural guarantee was not observed; reinstatement and compensation may follow.