ANAC GMP Theoretical Exam (Powerplant Group) study plan

Define and distinguish the thermodynamic cycles used in aircraft engines, including Otto, Diesel, and Brayton cycles, and explain how each maps to reciprocating or turbine powerplants.

Compute basic cycle parameters such as compression ratio effects, thermal efficiency trends, and specific fuel consumption from given operating values.

Explain the relationships among pressure, temperature, volume, and mass flow in engine breathing, compression, combustion, and expansion, and predict how altitude and temperature change them.

Describe how thrust and shaft power are produced and measured, including the difference between indicated, brake, and shaft horsepower and between gross and net thrust.

Identify the major reciprocating engine components, from crankcase and crankshaft to cylinders, pistons, valves, and camshafts, and state the function and typical material of each.

Compare horizontally opposed, radial, inline, and V configurations and explain the advantages and limitations of each for aircraft use.

Sequence the four-stroke operating cycle and explain valve timing, ignition timing, and how each stroke contributes to power production.

Explain the purpose and operation of valve trains, including camshaft drive, hydraulic lifters, and valve clearance, and describe the consequences of incorrect adjustment.

Differentiate carbureted and fuel-injected induction systems and describe how induction air is metered and delivered to the cylinders.

Trace the airflow path through a gas turbine engine from inlet through compressor, diffuser, combustion section, turbine, and exhaust, and state the energy transformation at each station.

Compare centrifugal and axial compressors and explain compressor stall and surge causes, symptoms, and prevention.

Describe combustion chamber types and turbine blade cooling methods, and explain how turbine inlet temperature limits are managed.

Explain how turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft engines convert core energy into thrust or shaft power, including bypass ratio effects.

Identify the accessory gearbox, its drives, and the components it powers, and explain how engine sections are joined and supported.

Explain the operation of the fuel metering system, including carburetor principles, fuel injection, and the fuel control unit on turbine engines, and describe how mixture is scheduled across the power range.

Describe ignition systems for both engine types, including magneto operation, ignition timing, and turbine igniter systems, and list common failure modes.

Explain dry-sump and wet-sump lubrication systems, oil pressure and temperature regulation, and the function of oil coolers and filters.

Describe air and liquid cooling systems, cowl flap operation, and how cooling affects cylinder head and oil temperatures.

Explain starting systems and procedures for reciprocating and turbine engines, including starter types and abnormal start indications.

Explain propeller theory, including blade angle, pitch, slip, geometric and effective pitch, and the relationship between blade angle and engine speed.

Describe fixed-pitch, constant-speed, and feathering propeller systems and explain how the governor maintains selected RPM.

Explain the operation of engine controls, including throttle, propeller, and mixture levers, and how they interact in setting power.

Describe how manifold pressure, RPM, and fuel flow are used to establish and monitor power settings for reciprocating and turbine engines.

Describe scheduled inspection types and intervals for powerplants and explain what each inspection is intended to detect.

Explain common non-destructive inspection methods used on engine components and when each is appropriate.

Diagnose common engine malfunctions from symptoms such as high oil consumption, abnormal temperatures, vibration, low power, and hard starting, and rank likely causes.

Explain compression testing, borescope inspection, oil analysis, and trend monitoring, and interpret representative results.

Describe engine preservation, storage, and return-to-service checks after maintenance.

Explain the airworthiness framework applicable to powerplants, including type certification, maintenance recording, and return-to-service requirements.

Describe required maintenance entries, logbook content, and the role of approved data and instructions for continued airworthiness.

Explain airworthiness directives and service bulletins, and distinguish mandatory from recommended actions.

Describe the requirements for engine and propeller maintenance, overhaul, and life-limited part tracking.

Apply human-factors principles, including error chains, fatigue, communication, and checklist discipline, to powerplant maintenance scenarios.

Explain fuel handling, fire prevention, hazardous materials, and environmental controls relevant to engine work.

Integrate all domains by working through mixed-topic practice questions under timed conditions and correcting every missed item.

Identify remaining weak areas and build a targeted final-review list for the exam.