Brazil Revalida flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

SUS universality principle

Health is a right of all persons and a duty of the state, guaranteeing access to health services without discrimination or contributory requirements, as established in the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988.

SUS integrality principle

Health care must encompass promotion, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation, considering the whole person and their context, ensuring continuous and comprehensive care across all levels of complexity.

SUS equity principle

Allocation of resources and services prioritizes groups with greater health needs or vulnerabilities, aiming to reduce inequalities, even though the principle of equality guarantees universal access.

Primary care essential attributes

First contact, longitudinality, comprehensiveness, coordination of care, family and community orientation, and cultural competence are the essential attributes described by Barbara Starfield for primary health care.

Immediate notifiable diseases

Suspected cases of measles, poliomyelitis, rabies, yellow fever, dengue with warning signs, severe acute respiratory illness, and other diseases on the Ministry of Health list must be reported within 24 hours.

Hypertension diagnostic thresholds

Office blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg on two separate occasions, home BP ≥135/85 mmHg, or 24-hour ambulatory monitoring ≥130/80 mmHg confirms the diagnosis of hypertension.

Diabetes diagnostic criteria

Fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, HbA1c ≥6.5%, 2-hour OGTT ≥200 mg/dL, or random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms; asymptomatic patients require a second confirmatory test.

Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis timing

A single preoperative dose should be given within 60 minutes before incision; re-dose if surgery exceeds two half-lives of the drug or blood loss exceeds 1500 mL; stop within 24 hours.

WHO dehydration plan B

For some dehydration, administer 75 mL/kg of oral rehydration solution over four hours, reassess frequently, and continue breastfeeding; if vomiting, give small frequent sips.

WHO dehydration plan C

For severe dehydration, give intravenous Ringer's lactate 100 mL/kg: 30 mL/kg in the first hour and 70 mL/kg over five hours for infants; for older children, 30 mL/kg in 30 minutes then 70 mL/kg in 2.5 hours.

Informed consent elements

Valid informed consent requires patient capacity, adequate disclosure of information about risks, benefits, and alternatives, and voluntariness free of coercion, documented in the medical record.

Eclampsia prevention first-line

Magnesium sulfate is the drug of choice for prevention and treatment of eclampsia seizures; monitor deep tendon reflexes, respiratory rate, and urine output for toxicity.

OSCE station opening sequence

Read the task, perform hand hygiene, introduce yourself, confirm patient identity, obtain consent, and state the purpose of the interview before proceeding to history and examination.

Critical vital sign thresholds

Respiratory rate >30 or <8/min, SpO2 <90%, systolic BP <90 mmHg, heart rate >120 or <50/min, temperature >39°C or <35°C, or GCS <15 require immediate assessment and intervention.

Airway opening maneuvers

Use head-tilt/chin-lift in nontrauma patients; use jaw thrust without head tilt in suspected cervical spine injury; suction secretions and consider oropharyngeal airway if no gag reflex.

High-quality chest compressions

Compress at 100-120/min, depth 5-6 cm, allow full chest recoil, minimize interruptions to less than 10 seconds, and rotate the compressor every two minutes to avoid fatigue.

Defibrillation for VF/pulseless VT

Deliver a single biphasic shock (120-200 J) or monophasic 360 J, immediately resume chest compressions for two minutes, then check rhythm; minimize pauses before and after shock.

Peripheral venipuncture technique

Select a distal vein, apply tourniquet 10 cm above for less than one minute, cleanse with alcohol, insert bevel up at 15-30 degrees, confirm flashback, release tourniquet, secure and label.

Suture removal timing

Remove facial sutures in 3-5 days, scalp and neck in 5-7 days, upper extremities in 7-10 days, and lower extremities or over joints in 10-14 days to balance healing and scarring.

Local anesthetic with epinephrine

Epinephrine prolongs anesthesia and reduces bleeding but should be avoided in digits, nose, ears, and penis due to risk of ischemia from vasoconstriction in terminal circulation.

Pelvic examination sequence

With consent and chaperone, position in dorsal lithotomy, inspect external genitalia, perform speculum exam of cervix and vaginal walls, then bimanual palpation of uterus and adnexa.

Teach-back communication technique

Ask the patient to explain in their own words what they understood about the diagnosis or plan; this confirms comprehension and allows correction of misunderstandings before discharge.

SUS hierarchical levels of care

Primary care is the gateway; secondary care includes specialized outpatient and hospital services; tertiary care provides high-complexity procedures, with referral and counter-referral ensuring continuity.

Family Health Strategy core team

A multidisciplinary team composed of a physician, nurse, nursing technician, and community health agents, responsible for a defined population and territory, providing comprehensive primary care.

Dengue warning signs

Abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, mucosal bleeding, lethargy, liver enlargement, and fluid accumulation indicate progression to severe dengue and require immediate referral and intravenous hydration.

Acute myocardial infarction initial management

Obtain ECG within 10 minutes, give aspirin 300 mg, monitor, provide oxygen only if hypoxemic, and arrange reperfusion (primary PCI within 90 minutes or fibrinolysis within 30 minutes if PCI unavailable).

Sepsis bundle first hour

Measure lactate, obtain blood cultures before antibiotics, administer broad-spectrum antibiotics, begin 30 mL/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate ≥4 mmol/L, and start vasopressors if hypotensive.

OSCE closing and safety netting

Summarize findings, explain the plan in plain language, confirm understanding with teach-back, and state clear return precautions and follow-up arrangements before ending the station.

Universal precautions hand hygiene

Perform hand hygiene before and after patient contact, after body fluid exposure, and between procedures; use alcohol-based rub unless hands are visibly soiled, then soap and water.

Blood pressure measurement technique

Patient seated with back supported, arm at heart level, correct cuff size, rest five minutes, avoid caffeine and smoking 30 minutes prior, take two readings one minute apart and average.

Glasgow Coma Scale components

Eye opening (1-4), verbal response (1-5), and motor response (1-6); total 3-15; score ≤8 indicates severe coma and need for airway protection.

Intramuscular injection technique

Choose ventrogluteal or deltoid site, clean skin, insert needle at 90 degrees, aspirate not required, inject slowly, withdraw, apply pressure without massage, and dispose of sharps safely.