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CA Surveying practice questions

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Question 1Boundary and Title Surveying

A deed calls for a line to run 'north 200.00 feet to a 1-inch iron pipe set in 1975.' The pipe is found undisturbed 3.2 feet south of where the 200-foot distance would place the corner. Which call fixes the corner?

  1. The 200.00-foot distance
  2. The acreage recited in the deed
  3. The iron pipe Correct answer.
  4. The bearing of the line

Explanation

An artificial monument called for in a deed controls over courses and distances, so the found, undisturbed pipe establishes the corner even though the stated distance falls short. The distance is a general call that yields to the specific monument on the ground.

Question 2Boundary and Title Surveying

A standard township in the Public Land Survey System is:

  1. 16 sections in a block 4 miles on a side
  2. 36 sections in a block 8 miles on a side
  3. 36 sections in a block 6 miles on a side Correct answer.
  4. 36 sections in a block 4 miles on a side

Explanation

A township is a six-mile-square block divided into 36 sections, each one mile square and nominally 640 acres. The township grid is the basic unit to which all section numbering and subdivision refer.

Question 3Boundary and Title Surveying

The principal meridian and base line that control the public land surveys over most of northern and central California are:

  1. San Bernardino
  2. Humboldt
  3. Gila and Salt River
  4. Mount Diablo Correct answer.

Explanation

California has three principal meridians - Mount Diablo, Humboldt, and San Bernardino - and Mount Diablo governs the surveys over the largest portion of the state. Humboldt governs only the northwest corner and San Bernardino the southeast.

Question 4Boundary and Title Surveying

Under the California Professional Land Surveyors' Act, a Record of Survey must be filed with the county surveyor within how many days after setting the corner or completing the survey?

  1. 120 days
  2. 30 days
  3. 60 days
  4. 90 days Correct answer.

Explanation

Business and Professions Code section 8762 requires filing within 90 days after the corner or point is set or within 90 days after the survey is completed. The filing gives constructive notice of the surveyor's work and preserves the evidence gathered.

Question 5Boundary and Title Surveying

A description reading 'thence north 45 degrees east to the northeast corner of the Brown parcel as shown in Book 210, Page 14' contains which type of call?

  1. A course call
  2. A call for an adjoiner Correct answer.
  3. A distance call
  4. An area call

Explanation

A reference to an adjoining parcel or a named line such as a street is a call for an adjoiner. Because it identifies a fixed, existing feature on the ground, an adjoiner is given the weight of a monument.

Question 6Boundary and Title Surveying

Soil is deposited slowly and imperceptibly along the bank of a stream, enlarging a riparian parcel. Title to the added land belongs to:

  1. the owner of the riparian land Correct answer.
  2. the federal government
  3. the upland owner across the stream
  4. the state, as owner of the bed

Explanation

Land added by accretion - gradual and imperceptible natural deposition - belongs to the riparian owner, and the boundary moves with the water. The change is too gradual to be observed, so the law treats it as a natural incident of riparian ownership.

Question 7Boundary and Title Surveying

In California, a prescriptive easement is generally established by use that is open, notorious, adverse, and continuous for at least:

  1. 20 years
  2. 5 years Correct answer.
  3. 10 years
  4. 3 years

Explanation

The prescriptive period in California is five years, matching the statute of limitations applied to prescriptive easements. Unlike adverse possession of a fee, an easement by prescription does not require payment of taxes.

Question 8Boundary and Title Surveying

A grantor conveys the south half of a 40-acre tract to Able in 1990, then conveys the north half by a metes and bounds description that overlaps Able's parcel by 30 feet. Able's deed was recorded second. The overlapping strip belongs to:

  1. both owners, as tenants in common
  2. the later grantee, because his deed was recorded first
  3. Able, because his deed was executed and delivered first Correct answer.
  4. the later grantee, because a metes and bounds description is more specific

Explanation

When a grantor conveys the same land twice, the senior right - the earlier conveyance - prevails, and the junior grantee takes only what remains. Recording priority does not defeat the right created by the earlier delivery of the deed.

Question 9Boundary and Title Surveying

An interior section corner cannot be found and no evidence of its original position survives. It is reestablished by double proportionate measurement, which means:

  1. intersecting diagonal lines drawn between the opposite corners of the section
  2. proportioning distances separately between the found corners north and south and between those east and west Correct answer.
  3. holding the record bearing from the nearest found corner and measuring the record distance
  4. averaging the positions of all section corners within the township

Explanation

Double proportionate measurement locates a lost interior corner by two independent proportions, one between the corners to the north and south and one between the corners to the east and west. The intersection of the two proportioned lines is accepted as the corner position.

Question 10Boundary and Title Surveying

Standard parallels, also called correction lines, are established in the Public Land Survey System at intervals of approximately:

  1. one township, or 6 miles
  2. ten townships, or 60 miles
  3. four townships, or 24 miles Correct answer.
  4. six townships, or 36 miles

Explanation

Standard parallels are run every four townships, about 24 miles from the base line or the previous standard parallel. They absorb the convergence of the meridians so that sections stay close to their record areas.

Question 11Boundary and Title Surveying

A claimant seeks to quiet title by adverse possession to a strip of a neighbor's land in California. In addition to open, notorious, exclusive, hostile, and continuous possession for five years, the claimant must show:

  1. that the true owner received actual notice of the claim
  2. payment of at least half the taxes levied during the period
  3. payment of all taxes levied against the land during the five-year period Correct answer.
  4. a written claim of right recorded before possession began

Explanation

California requires timely payment of all taxes levied against the land during the five-year period, in addition to the common-law elements of adverse possession. Failure to pay defeats the claim even if possession is otherwise perfect.

Question 12Boundary and Title Surveying

Two neighbors whose deed lines are uncertain build a fence along a line they agree to accept as the boundary, and both treat it as the line for many years. A boundary by agreement is established when:

  1. the true line is disputed, the owners agree on a line, and both acquiesce in it Correct answer.
  2. the fence has simply stood in place for at least five years without objection
  3. the agreed line falls within one foot of the deed line on every course
  4. one neighbor records a notice describing the line as the agreed boundary

Explanation

Boundary by agreement requires an uncertainty or dispute about the true line, an agreement fixing a line, and subsequent acquiescence in that line. The agreement settles the boundary even where the deeds alone would place it elsewhere.

Question 13Boundary and Title Surveying

A parcel is described as bounded on the east by Dry Creek, a non-navigable stream. In California the parcel's title generally extends to:

  1. the thread of the stream, with the owner holding the bed to that line Correct answer.
  2. the meander line shown on the last government plat
  3. the ordinary high water mark on the parcel's side
  4. the low water mark on the opposite bank

Explanation

Owners on opposite sides of a non-navigable stream generally own the bed to the thread, or center, of the stream, so each parcel extends to that midline. The ordinary high water mark limit applies only where the water is navigable.

Question 14Boundary and Title Surveying

Where a California parcel fronts on a navigable lake or river, the state holds the bed in trust and the upland owner's boundary is generally:

  1. the line of navigability
  2. the thread of the stream
  3. the ordinary high water mark Correct answer.
  4. the low water mark

Explanation

On navigable water the upland boundary in California is the ordinary high water mark, with the state holding the bed below it under the public trust doctrine. The thread of the stream is used for non-navigable streams.

Question 15Boundary and Title Surveying

Under the California Subdivision Map Act, a division of land into five or more parcels generally requires:

  1. a parcel map only
  2. a certificate of compliance in place of a map
  3. a tentative map and a parcel map
  4. a tentative map and a final map Correct answer.

Explanation

The Map Act requires a tentative map and a final map for a subdivision creating five or more parcels. A parcel map is used where four or fewer parcels are created unless the local agency requires a final map.

Question 16Boundary and Title Surveying

Four adjoining owners want to shift a common lot line between their properties without creating any new parcels. Under the Subdivision Map Act this is typically accomplished by:

  1. local agency approval of a lot line adjustment, documented by deeds Correct answer.
  2. obtaining a variance from the local zoning administrator
  3. recording a new final map covering all four of the parcels
  4. recording a certificate of compliance for each existing parcel

Explanation

A lot line adjustment between four or fewer existing adjoining parcels does not create new parcels, so no subdivision map is required. The local agency approves the adjustment, and the result is documented by recorded deeds, sometimes with a record of survey.

Question 17Boundary and Title Surveying

A surveyor finds a monument set by another licensed land surveyor within a project area and must remove it. Under the Professional Land Surveyors' Act, the surveyor must:

  1. obtain written permission from the adjoining landowner
  2. replace the monument in its original position after construction
  3. treat it as abandoned and remove it without notifying anyone
  4. notify the county surveyor and the surveyor who set it before removal Correct answer.

Explanation

The statute protects monuments from careless destruction: a surveyor who removes or destroys a monument must notify the county surveyor and, if known, the surveyor who set it. The removal must also be reflected in the records the surveyor files.

Question 18Boundary and Title Surveying

A river abandons its channel during a single flood and cuts a new channel a quarter mile away. Under the rule of avulsion, the boundary between the riparian tracts:

  1. remains where the old channel lay before the sudden shift Correct answer.
  2. moves with the new channel, because the water remains the boundary
  3. is fixed at the new ordinary high water mark after the flood
  4. passes to the state because the old bed is now dry

Explanation

A sudden and perceptible shift of a stream, as in a flood, is an avulsion, and the boundary remains at the former channel. Only gradual and imperceptible movement - accretion or erosion - carries the boundary with the water.

Question 19Boundary and Title Surveying

A quiet title action in a boundary dispute is used primarily to:

  1. determine the market value of the land in dispute
  2. compel the county surveyor to set the missing corners
  3. judicially determine the parties' rights in the land and fix the boundary as to all claimants Correct answer.
  4. record the surveyor's opinion of the boundary without litigation

Explanation

A quiet title action asks the court to determine the parties' interests and to settle the boundary, producing a judgment binding on the named claimants. It is the usual remedy when the record and occupation conflict.

Question 20Boundary and Title Surveying

Numbering of sections within a Public Land Survey System township begins with Section 1 at the:

  1. southeast corner, running north and then west
  2. northeast corner, running west and then east in alternating rows Correct answer.
  3. southwest corner, running north and then east
  4. center of the township, spiraling outward

Explanation

Section 1 lies in the northeast corner of the township; numbering runs west to Section 6, drops south, and returns east, continuing in a serpentine pattern to Section 36 in the southeast corner. The pattern is fixed by the federal survey rules.

Question 21Boundary and Title Surveying

An original section corner monument is gone, but a bearing tree with the original scribe marks stands 35 links from where the corner should be. The corner should be treated as:

  1. obliterated, and restored from the bearing tree Correct answer.
  2. lost, and set by proportionate measurement
  3. relocated to the bearing tree itself
  4. nonexistent, so the adjoining deeds must be reformed

Explanation

A corner is obliterated, not lost, when evidence of its original location survives, as the scribed bearing tree does here. Proportionate measurement applies only to a lost corner, where no such evidence remains.

Question 22Boundary and Title Surveying

A parcel lies within a Mexican land grant later confirmed and patented by the United States. The location of the grant boundary is controlled by:

  1. the calls of the patent, natural monuments controlling over distances Correct answer.
  2. the fence lines the ranchers have long maintained
  3. the diseño and the original grant papers alone
  4. the lines of the surrounding PLSS sections, which override the grant

Explanation

A confirmed grant is surveyed and patented, and the patent defines the land confirmed, construed under the usual rule that natural monuments control over courses and distances. The diseño and grant papers aid interpretation but do not displace the patented survey.

Question 23Boundary and Title Surveying

An owner stands by while a neighbor, relying on an incorrect line, builds a garage that crosses the true boundary. The doctrine of boundary by estoppel requires:

  1. misleading conduct or silence by the owner that induces detrimental reliance Correct answer.
  2. a written agreement signed by both owners
  3. twenty years of adverse possession by the neighbor
  4. a recorded survey showing the incorrect line

Explanation

Boundary by estoppel rests on detrimental reliance: one owner's conduct or silence leads the other to improve land to a supposed line, and the first owner is then barred from asserting the true line. It does not require the statutory period of adverse possession.

Question 24Boundary and Title Surveying

A lost corner has been reestablished by proportionate measurement. The position so obtained is:

  1. presumed correct for five years, then conclusive
  2. the best available evidence, but open to rebuttal by other evidence Correct answer.
  3. conclusive once the survey is recorded
  4. binding only if the adjoining owners sign an agreement

Explanation

Proportionate measurement is a rule of evidence for restoring a lost corner when better evidence is absent, so it yields to any later evidence of the true position. Original accessories, bearing trees, or other evidence of the corner's location will overcome the proportioned position.

Question 25Boundary and Title Surveying

A deed runs 'to the bank of Dry Creek, thence along the bank,' while an iron pipe called for in the same description lies 60 feet short of the bank. The boundary established by these calls is at:

  1. the iron pipe, because a set monument prevails over a natural feature
  2. the bank of Dry Creek, since a natural monument outranks an artificial one Correct answer.
  3. the iron pipe, but only if a licensed surveyor set it
  4. a point midway between the pipe and the bank

Explanation

The hierarchy of calls places natural monuments above artificial monuments, so the call to the bank of the creek controls over the called iron pipe. The pipe is a subsidiary call that yields to the natural boundary.

Question 26Boundary and Title Surveying

A standard Public Land Survey System township is six miles on each side and is divided into how many sections of approximately 640 acres each?

  1. 16
  2. 24
  3. 64
  4. 36 Correct answer.

Explanation

A township is a six-mile square, and each section is a one-mile square, so the township contains 6 × 6 = 36 sections. Each section is nominally 640 acres.

Question 27Boundary and Title Surveying

A meander line shown along a river on a government township plat serves primarily to:

  1. mark the ordinary high water mark for purposes of state ownership
  2. fix the boundary of title at the water's edge as of the date of the government survey
  3. compute the areas of fractional lots along the water Correct answer.
  4. establish the thread of the stream as the legal boundary of title

Explanation

Meander lines are run to compute the area of fractional lots and are not themselves boundaries of title. The water boundary, not the meander line, generally controls the limit of the upland parcel.

Question 28Boundary and Title Surveying

A deed conveys '100 acres, more or less,' but a survey shows that the described boundaries enclose 96 acres. Generally the grantee:

  1. is entitled to an abatement of the purchase price for the four-acre shortage
  2. may rescind the deed for failure of quantity
  3. takes the land as bounded, because boundaries control over quantity Correct answer.
  4. takes only 96 acres, and the grantor retains the remaining 4 acres

Explanation

When a deed states a quantity qualified by 'more or less,' the quantity is generally subordinate to the monumented boundaries. The grantee takes the land within the described boundaries even if the area differs from the estimate.

Question 29Boundary and Title Surveying

Under California's recording statutes, a subsequent purchaser who takes without notice of a prior unrecorded conveyance and records first generally:

  1. takes subject to the prior conveyance because it was first in time
  2. takes nothing because the prior grantee holds equitable title
  3. prevails as a bona fide purchaser Correct answer.
  4. must pay the prior grantee the value of the improvements

Explanation

California follows a race-notice rule: a later purchaser for value who takes without notice and records before the prior conveyance prevails. The prior unrecorded grantee loses priority to the protected later purchaser.

Question 30Boundary and Title Surveying

To establish title by adverse possession in California, the claimant must generally show, among other elements, that:

  1. the land was enclosed by a substantial fence for at least one year
  2. the true owner was given written notice of the claim
  3. the claimant paid property taxes for the statutory period Correct answer.
  4. the claimant occupied the land under a recorded deed

Explanation

California requires an adverse possessor to pay the property taxes levied on the disputed land for the statutory period. Notice to the owner, a recorded deed, and a fence are not universal statutory requirements.

Question 31Boundary and Title Surveying

'Littoral' rights in California relate to land that borders:

  1. a federal reclamation project
  2. the shore of a lake or sea Correct answer.
  3. a non-navigable stream
  4. a public street

Explanation

Littoral rights concern land bordering a lake, sea, or other standing body of water. Riparian rights concern land bordering a stream or river.

Question 32Boundary and Title Surveying

A licensed land surveyor reestablishes an original Public Land Survey System corner and sets a new monument at the position. The appropriate document to file with the county surveyor is a:

  1. corner record, because the work concerns a PLSS corner Correct answer.
  2. record of survey, because any monument setting requires one
  3. certificate of compliance
  4. tentative map

Explanation

A corner record is used to document the establishment, reestablishment, or obliteration of a Public Land Survey System corner. A record of survey is a broader map filed for other survey work and discrepancies.

Question 33Boundary and Title Surveying

Under the Subdivision Map Act, a division of land into four or fewer parcels generally requires:

  1. a tentative and final subdivision map
  2. a tentative parcel map and a parcel map Correct answer.
  3. no map or approval if each parcel is over one acre
  4. a lot line adjustment only

Explanation

The Map Act generally requires a tentative parcel map and a parcel map for divisions creating four or fewer parcels. A tentative and final subdivision map is used for five or more parcels.

Question 34Boundary and Title Surveying

A grantor owns a 100-acre tract and conveys the east 60 acres to Able, then later conveys the west 60 acres to Baker. The overlapping 20 acres belongs to:

  1. the grantor, because the second deed exceeded the grantor's remaining land
  2. Baker, because the second deed is more specific
  3. Able, because the first conveyance in time controls Correct answer.
  4. Able and Baker equally as tenants in common

Explanation

Under the rule of senior rights, the first conveyance of a specifically described portion prevails over a later deed from the same grantor. The later deed conveys only the grantor's remaining interest, which is the west 40 acres.

Question 35Boundary and Title Surveying

A grantor conveys a large parcel to Able but inadvertently omits a narrow strip along the parcel's east side, which lies between the described land and the adjoining owner's fence. Under the strip and gore doctrine, the omitted strip generally:

  1. passes to Able if small and overlooked Correct answer.
  2. escheats to the state
  3. passes to the adjoining owner by prescription
  4. remains with the grantor because it was not described

Explanation

The strip and gore doctrine addresses small strips inadvertently omitted from a conveyance. The strip generally passes to the grantee of the larger parcel rather than being retained by the grantor.

Question 36Boundary and Title Surveying

A deed mistakenly describes the wrong half of a parcel, and both grantor and grantee intended the other half. The remedy is generally:

  1. a prescriptive easement over the intended half
  2. a quiet title action to confirm the deed as written
  3. reformation to reflect mutual intent Correct answer.
  4. rescission of the deed and a new survey

Explanation

Reformation corrects a written instrument that fails to express the parties' actual agreement because of mutual mistake. The court can reform the deed to describe the intended parcel.

Question 37Boundary and Title Surveying

A closing corner in the Public Land Survey System is established where:

  1. a section line intersects a meander line
  2. a new line intersects a previously surveyed line Correct answer.
  3. the township boundary crosses a base line
  4. two standard parallels intersect

Explanation

A closing corner is set where a new survey line intersects a previously surveyed line, such as a township or section line, without meeting an existing corner. It records the distance to the corner it failed to close upon.

Question 38Boundary and Title Surveying

In a Public Land Survey System township, the lots in the north tier and west tier of sections are fractional because:

  1. the government reserved those lots for schools
  2. they are always bounded by navigable water
  3. they were surveyed before the rest of the township
  4. meridian convergence and correction lines Correct answer.

Explanation

Meridians converge, so the north and west tiers of a township do not close as full one-mile squares. Those lots are fractional and are assigned lot numbers on the plat.

Question 39Boundary and Title Surveying

A meander corner is established at the intersection of:

  1. a section line meets a meanderable water bank Correct answer.
  2. a standard parallel and a range line
  3. a principal meridian and a base line
  4. two township boundaries

Explanation

Meander corners are set where section lines intersect the bank of a navigable water body or meanderable stream. They support the meander line and the computation of fractional lot areas.

Question 40Boundary and Title Surveying

A deed from O to A is never recorded. A later deed from O to B is recorded. A deed from A to C is then recorded. C's deed is a 'wild deed' because:

  1. it was recorded after the deed from O to B
  2. it was executed by a person not in possession
  3. it is outside the chain of title Correct answer.
  4. it conveys only an easement

Explanation

A wild deed is recorded outside the chain of title and therefore does not give constructive notice to later purchasers. Because A's deed was unrecorded, C's deed does not appear in the chain from O.

Question 41Boundary and Title Surveying

When the calls in a deed conflict, the general order of precedence from highest to lowest is:

  1. area, distance, course, monument
  2. course, distance, natural monument, artificial monument
  3. natural monument, artificial monument, course, distance Correct answer.
  4. distance, course, artificial monument, natural monument

Explanation

Courts generally rank natural monuments highest, then artificial monuments, then courses, then distances, with area lowest. The rule reflects the greater reliability of physical objects over measurement.

Question 42Boundary and Title Surveying

A deed calls for a boundary 'to the west line of the adjoining owner's land as now located and fenced.' The call is best treated as:

  1. a latent ambiguity that voids the deed
  2. a call for an adjoiner that can control over courses and distances Correct answer.
  3. a mere description of area
  4. a call for a natural monument that controls over an artificial monument

Explanation

A call for an adjoiner's line is a monument call and may control over courses and distances. The fence as now located helps identify the adjoining boundary intended by the parties.

Question 43Boundary and Title Surveying

A deed describes 'the lot owned by me known as the Riverside Lot,' but the grantor owns two lots that could fit that description. The ambiguity is:

  1. latent, and extrinsic evidence is admissible to identify the intended lot Correct answer.
  2. fatal, so the deed is void
  3. resolved by the recording statute in favor of the first recorder
  4. patent on the face of the deed and cannot be explained by extrinsic evidence

Explanation

A latent ambiguity arises when the description appears certain but is uncertain in application to the land. Extrinsic evidence is admissible to identify the property the grantor intended.

Question 44Boundary and Title Surveying

For adverse possession in California, successive adverse possessors may add their periods of possession together to reach the statutory period only if:

  1. the possessions are in privity and continuous Correct answer.
  2. each possessor paid the others rent
  3. the true owner consented to each transfer
  4. the property was vacant between possessions

Explanation

Tacking requires privity between successive possessors, meaning the possession is transferred rather than abandoned or interrupted. The possession must also be continuous for the combined period.

Question 45Boundary and Title Surveying

A deed conveys Lot 5 'bounded on the east by Oak Street,' a public street. In California, the grantee is presumed to own:

  1. to the street centerline, subject to the public easement Correct answer.
  2. nothing in the street, because it belongs entirely to the public
  3. the entire street to the opposite edge
  4. only to the west edge of the street right-of-way

Explanation

A deed bounding on a public street is presumed to convey to the centerline of the street, unless a contrary intent appears or the grantor owns no interest in the street. The public holds an easement for street purposes.

Question 46Boundary and Title Surveying

A monument called for in a deed is found, but reliable evidence shows it was moved from its original location after the deed was delivered. The boundary is generally controlled by:

  1. the record distance, because a moved monument has no evidentiary value
  2. the monument's present location, because monuments control over distances
  3. the monument's original location, if provable Correct answer.
  4. the nearest adjoiner's line, because the monument is treated as lost

Explanation

A monument that has been moved does not control at its new location. If the original position can be established, that position governs the boundary.

Question 47Boundary and Title Surveying

O conveys Blackacre to A by an unrecorded deed. O then conveys the same land to B, who has actual notice of A's deed, and B records first. Who prevails?

  1. A, because B had actual notice Correct answer.
  2. A and B as tenants in common
  3. O, because the second deed is void
  4. B, because B recorded first

Explanation

California's race-notice statute protects only a later purchaser who takes without notice. Because B had actual notice of A's prior conveyance, B cannot prevail even though B recorded first.

Question 48Boundary and Title Surveying

In California, prolonged acquiescence in a fence line, without an agreement or other legal basis, generally:

  1. is evidence of an agreed boundary, not proof of one Correct answer.
  2. transfers the disputed strip to the state
  3. conclusively establishes the fence as the boundary
  4. creates title by acquiescence after five years

Explanation

California does not recognize boundary by acquiescence as a separate doctrine that independently transfers title. Long acquiescence can support an inference of an agreed boundary, but an agreement or other legal basis is still required.

Question 49Boundary and Title Surveying

One cotenant occupies the whole property for ten years without paying rent. Another cotenant sues. The occupying cotenant's adverse possession claim generally:

  1. fails without clear hostility and notice to the cotenants Correct answer.
  2. is presumed adverse immediately upon occupancy
  3. succeeds if the occupying tenant paid all property taxes
  4. succeeds after five years because the possession is exclusive

Explanation

Possession by one cotenant is presumed to be for the benefit of all cotenants, not adverse. An adverse possession claim by a cotenant requires clear hostility and notice to the other cotenants.

Question 50Boundary and Title Surveying

A regular section is divided so that a parcel consists of the north half of the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter, except the north 100 feet. The net area of the parcel is closest to:

  1. 16.97 acres Correct answer.
  2. 15.00 acres
  3. 20.00 acres
  4. 18.48 acres

Explanation

The N 1/2 of the NW 1/4 of the SW 1/4 is 20 acres, measuring 20 chains wide by 10 chains deep. Removing a 100-foot strip across 20 chains removes about 3.03 acres, leaving about 16.97 acres.