EQAO cheat sheet

Main idea: the central point of a text; often stated in the first or last sentence of a paragraph.

Inference: a conclusion drawn from evidence in the text plus background knowledge, not explicitly stated.

Text features: titles, headings, captions, bold words, and diagrams help locate and interpret information.

Author's purpose: to inform, persuade, entertain, or explain; signal words like 'therefore' or 'however' indicate structure.

Summary: a brief restatement of the main idea and key details in your own words, without personal opinion.

Paragraph structure: topic sentence, supporting details, and a concluding or transitional sentence.

Writing trait: clear organization uses an introduction, body paragraphs with transitions, and a conclusion.

Revision: check for complete sentences, varied sentence length, and logical order of ideas.

Editing: correct spelling, capitalization, punctuation, and subject-verb agreement.

Order of operations: perform operations inside parentheses first, then exponents, then multiplication/division left to right, then addition/subtraction left to right (PEMDAS).

Area of a rectangle = length × width; area of a triangle = ½ × base × height.

Perimeter of a polygon = sum of all side lengths.

Fraction operations: to add or subtract fractions, find a common denominator; to multiply, multiply numerators and denominators; to divide, multiply by the reciprocal.

Equivalent ratios: multiply or divide both terms by the same nonzero number.

Percent: part = percent × whole; to find a percent increase or decrease, use (new − old) ÷ old × 100%.

Mean = sum of values ÷ number of values; median = middle value when data are ordered; mode = most frequent value.

Probability of an event = number of favorable outcomes ÷ total number of equally likely outcomes.

Coordinate plane: a point is named by an ordered pair (x, y), where x is the horizontal distance and y is the vertical distance from the origin.