Ontario Pesticide Core Exam flashcards
Ontario Pesticide Core Exam · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Pest Control Products Act
- Federal Canadian law administered by Health Canada's PMRA that governs registration, import, manufacture, sale, and label approval of pesticides.
- Ontario Pesticides Act
- Ontario law administered by MECP that regulates pesticide sale, use, storage, transportation, and disposal, with detailed rules in O. Reg. 63/09.
- O. Reg. 63/09
- Ontario regulation under the Pesticides Act that sets licensing, certification, permit, cosmetic pesticide ban, record-keeping, and use requirements.
- Pesticide vendor licence
- Ontario licence required for a business that sells pesticides; licensed vendors must keep required sales records and follow O. Reg. 63/09.
- Economic threshold
- Pest population density at which the cost of control equals the value of crop loss that would occur without treatment.
- Pest triangle
- Concept that a pest outbreak requires a susceptible host, a virulent pest or pathogen, and a favorable environment; removing one factor can prevent damage.
- Complete metamorphosis
- Insect life cycle with egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages; larvae and adults often differ in habitat and feeding, so target the vulnerable stage.
- Biological control
- Use of predators, parasitoids, or pathogens to suppress pests; conserving natural enemies can reduce reliance on chemical controls.
- LD50
- Dose of a substance, usually in milligrams per kilogram of body weight, that kills 50% of test animals; a lower LD50 means greater acute toxicity.
- Dermal exposure
- Pesticide contact with skin, a common route during mixing, loading, and application; absorption varies with product, formulation, and skin condition.
- Respirator fit test
- Required check for tight-fitting respirators to verify a proper seal; facial hair at the sealing surface prevents an adequate seal.
- Signal word
- Label word such as Danger, Warning, or Caution that indicates the relative acute hazard of a pesticide product.
- Emulsifiable concentrate
- Liquid formulation containing active ingredient, solvent, and emulsifier; mixes with water to form an emulsion and can increase foliage injury and dermal absorption.
- Mode of action group
- Classification of pesticides by the biochemical target or process they disrupt; rotating among groups helps manage resistance.
- Cross-resistance
- When resistance to one pesticide mode of action also confers resistance to another pesticide with the same or similar target site.
- Adjuvant
- Material added to a spray mixture to modify properties such as spreading, penetration, adhesion, or drift; use only label-approved adjuvants.
- Pesticide label
- Legal document approved by PMRA that specifies registered uses, rates, timing, PPE, buffer zones, and other mandatory directions for the product.
- Safety data sheet
- WHMIS 2015 document with 16 sections providing hazard, first aid, handling, and disposal information; it does not replace label use directions.
- Preharvest interval
- Label-specified minimum time between the last pesticide application and harvest of the crop, intended to limit residues in food.
- Leaching
- Downward movement of pesticide through soil with water; risk rises with high water solubility, low adsorption, persistence, and heavy rainfall or irrigation.
- Bioaccumulation
- Build-up of a pesticide in an organism over time from environmental exposure; it is greater for persistent, lipophilic chemicals.
- Buffer zone
- Label-required untreated setback distance between an application area and sensitive sites such as water, habitat, or dwellings to reduce drift and runoff.
- Sprayer calibration formula
- Metric formula: litres per hectare = (total litres per minute × 600) divided by (speed in km/h × swath width in metres).
- Nozzle wear limit
- Replace spray nozzles when their output exceeds 10% above the new-nozzle rating or when the spray pattern is visibly distorted.
- Droplet size
- Spray droplet diameter affects coverage and drift; smaller droplets give more coverage but drift farther, while larger droplets reduce drift.
- Jar test
- Small-scale compatibility test that mixes proposed tank-mix ingredients in water to check for separation, precipitation, or other incompatibility before full mixing.
- SLUDGE syndrome
- Signs of organophosphate or carbamate poisoning: salivation, lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, gastrointestinal cramps, and emesis; seek emergency care.
- Spills Action Centre
- Ontario MECP reporting line at 1-800-268-6060 for environmental spills; call 911 first for immediate danger or injuries.
- Skin decontamination
- Remove contaminated clothing and wash affected skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes; avoid spreading pesticide to unaffected areas.
- Triple rinse
- Container cleaning method: fill with water to about one-quarter, cap, shake, and drain into spray tank; repeat three times.
- Secondary containment
- Liquid-tight barrier or tray under pesticide containers that holds leaks or spills and prevents movement to drains, soil, or water.
- Pesticide storage rule
- Store pesticides locked, ventilated, dry, away from food and feed, in original labeled containers, with spill kit and SDS accessible.