CFPC Exam (CCFP) flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

FIFE in patient-centred care

Feelings, Ideas, Function, and Expectations: the four components of exploring a patient's illness experience in the patient-centred clinical method.

Colorectal cancer screening interval

For average-risk adults aged 50-74, screen with FIT every 2 years or colonoscopy every 10 years.

HbA1c diabetes threshold

An HbA1c of 6.5% or greater confirms diabetes; 6.0-6.4% indicates prediabetes and warrants lifestyle intervention and annual retesting.

Hypertension first-line by ethnicity

For Black patients without CKD or diabetes, start a thiazide or calcium channel blocker; for others, thiazide, ACE inhibitor/ARB, or CCB.

Osteoporosis DXA threshold

A T-score of -2.5 or lower, or a fragility fracture, supports pharmacologic treatment, usually with a bisphosphonate plus calcium and vitamin D.

Anaphylaxis first-line treatment

Give intramuscular epinephrine 0.3-0.5 mg (1:1000) into the anterolateral thigh; repeat every 5-15 minutes as needed; antihistamines and steroids are adjuncts only.

Stroke thrombolysis window

Intravenous thrombolysis is considered within 4.5 hours of symptom onset after non-contrast CT excludes hemorrhage; thrombectomy may extend to 24 hours in selected cases.

Sepsis antibiotic timing

Start broad-spectrum antibiotics within 1 hour for septic shock and within 3 hours for sepsis without shock, after cultures and lactate measurement.

STEMI reperfusion targets

Primary PCI within 90 minutes of first medical contact, or fibrinolysis within 30 minutes if PCI is unavailable and symptoms started within 12 hours.

Acetaminophen overdose antidote

N-acetylcysteine is the antidote; it is most effective when started within 8 hours of ingestion; use the Rumack-Matthew nomogram to guide treatment.

Tension pneumothorax decompression

Perform immediate needle decompression at the 2nd intercostal space in the midclavicular line, or 4th-5th space anterior axillary line, followed by a chest tube.

HFrEF quadruple therapy

Guideline-directed therapy includes an ARNI/ACE inhibitor/ARB, a beta-blocker, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and an SGLT2 inhibitor, plus diuretics for congestion.

COPD diagnostic spirometry

A post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio below 0.70 confirms persistent airflow obstruction and establishes the diagnosis of COPD.

KDIGO acute kidney injury criteria

Creatinine rise of 26.5 µmol/L or more in 48 hours, or 1.5 times baseline within 7 days, or urine output below 0.5 mL/kg/h for 6 hours.

CHA2DS2-VASc anticoagulation threshold

Anticoagulate for atrial fibrillation when the score is 2 or more in men or 3 or more in women; consider it at 1 in men or 2 in women.

CURB-65 components

Confusion, Urea above 7 mmol/L, Respiratory rate 30 or more, low Blood pressure, and age 65 or older; higher scores favour admission.

Thyroid storm treatment sequence

Give a beta-blocker and thionamide first, then iodine at least one hour later, plus glucocorticoids and supportive care for fever and agitation.

Infant fever under 28 days

Any infant younger than 28 days with a temperature of 38.0°C or higher needs a full sepsis workup, including blood, urine, and CSF, and admission for antibiotics.

Bronchiolitis management

Supportive care with oxygen if saturation falls below 90-92%, hydration, and nasal suction; bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics are not routinely indicated.

Kawasaki disease diagnostic criteria

Fever for 5 days or more plus 4 of: conjunctivitis, oral changes, rash, extremity changes, cervical lymphadenopathy; treat with IVIG and aspirin.

Infant weight doubling time

Most infants double their birth weight by 4-5 months and triple it by about 12 months; faltering growth warrants nutritional and medical evaluation.

Acute otitis media antibiotics

Antibiotics, usually amoxicillin, are indicated for infants under 6 months, severe symptoms, or bilateral infection; otherwise observe for 48-72 hours in older children.

Preeclampsia severe features

Blood pressure 160/110 or higher, platelets below 100, elevated liver enzymes, renal insufficiency, pulmonary edema, or cerebral/visual symptoms; treat with magnesium sulfate and deliver.

Postpartum hemorrhage first steps

Uterine atony is the commonest cause; perform uterine massage, give oxytocin, then second-line uterotonics and tranexamic acid; escalate to transfusion if needed.

Gestational diabetes screening timing

Screen at 24-28 weeks with a 50 g glucose challenge followed by a 75 g OGTT if abnormal; screen earlier with risk factors such as obesity or prior GDM.

Combined hormonal contraceptive contraindications

Avoid with migraine with aura, smoking at age 35 or older, hypertension, prior VTE, or breastfeeding within 6 weeks; consider progestin-only or LARC methods.

Ectopic pregnancy methotrexate criteria

Methotrexate is an option for hemodynamically stable, unruptured ectopic pregnancy with low hCG, no fetal cardiac activity, and reliable follow-up for serial hCG.

Major depressive episode criteria

Five or more symptoms for at least 2 weeks, including depressed mood or anhedonia, plus sleep, appetite, energy, concentration, psychomotor, or suicidal symptoms.

Bipolar mania diagnostic threshold

Elevated or irritable mood with increased energy for at least 1 week, plus 3 or more symptoms such as grandiosity, decreased sleep, pressured speech, or risky behaviour.

Delirium versus dementia

Delirium is acute, fluctuating, and marked by inattention; dementia is chronic and progressive; use the Confusion Assessment Method and look for reversible causes.

Postpartum psychosis management

A psychiatric emergency with risk of infanticide or suicide; requires urgent psychiatric admission, antipsychotics or mood stabilizers, and safety planning for mother and infant.

Clozapine monitoring requirement

Regular white blood cell and absolute neutrophil counts are required because of agranulocytosis risk; also monitor for myocarditis and metabolic effects.