CBI flashcards
CBI · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Andragogy
- The theory of adult learning holding that adults are self-directed, bring experience to learning, and need immediate relevance and problem-centered instruction rather than subject-centered teaching.
- Bloom's taxonomy
- A hierarchical classification of cognitive learning objectives from remembering and understanding through applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating, used to align instruction and assessment.
- Kirkpatrick evaluation levels
- Four levels of training evaluation: reaction (satisfaction), learning (knowledge gain), behavior (on-the-job application), and results (business outcomes), measured in that order.
- Formative assessment
- Assessment conducted during instruction to monitor learning and adjust teaching; it is low-stakes and provides feedback rather than a final grade.
- Summative assessment
- Assessment administered at the end of instruction to judge achievement against learning objectives, such as a final examination or certification test.
- Competency-based education
- An approach in which learners advance by demonstrating mastery of defined competencies rather than by accumulating seat time, with assessment against a stated standard.
- ADDIE model
- A five-phase instructional design cycle: analyze needs, design objectives and assessments, develop materials, implement instruction, and evaluate results for revision.
- Learning objective
- A statement of what a learner will be able to do after instruction, written with observable action verbs so that achievement can be measured.
- Conflict of interest
- A situation in which a personal, financial, or family interest could improperly influence professional judgment; the standard remedy is disclosure and possible recusal.
- Fiduciary duty
- The legal and ethical obligation to act in the client's best interest, placing the client's interest above one's own and avoiding self-dealing.
- Informed consent
- Agreement given after the client receives and understands material facts, risks, and alternatives, and voluntarily authorizes the professional to proceed.
- Confidentiality
- The duty to protect client information from unauthorized disclosure; it generally survives the engagement, with exceptions for client authorization, legal compulsion, or prevention of serious harm.
- Dual relationship
- A situation in which a professional holds two roles with the same party, such as adviser and buyer, creating a risk of divided loyalty that should be avoided or disclosed.
- Professional code of ethics
- A set of principles adopted by a profession, typically covering competence, integrity, objectivity, confidentiality, and professional behavior, enforceable through discipline.
- Ethical decision framework
- A structured test for resolving ethical dilemmas that asks whether an action is legal, fair to stakeholders, publicly defensible, and consistent with the professional code.
- Misrepresentation
- An ethics violation involving a false or misleading statement of fact, including overstated credentials or results, even when no financial harm is shown.
- Scope of practice
- The range of services a credential legally and ethically authorizes; performing services outside that range is a professionalism violation even if done competently.
- Professional competence
- The obligation to maintain current knowledge and skill, recognize the limits of one's expertise, and refer matters outside that expertise to qualified parties.
- Contemporaneous documentation
- Recording facts and decisions at or near the time they occur; such records are presumed reliable and may be discoverable in later disputes.
- Professional boundaries
- Limits on the professional relationship, including avoiding gifts, favors, or personal entanglements that could create obligation or impair objectivity.
- Undisclosed referral fee
- Compensation paid for directing a client to a service provider without disclosure; it is a professionalism and ethics breach because it creates an undisclosed conflict.
- Continuing professional development
- Ongoing education, supervision, and peer review used to maintain and demonstrate competence after initial credentialing.
- Correcting professional error
- The professionalism duty to promptly and transparently correct mistakes in advice or documentation rather than conceal them.
- Separation of advice and opinion
- The practice of clearly distinguishing professional advice, which carries a duty of care, from personal opinion, which does not.
- Seller's discretionary earnings
- A valuation measure for owner-operated businesses: net income plus owner compensation, non-cash expenses, and non-recurring items, used to normalize earnings for a buyer.
- SDE multiple
- A pricing heuristic for small businesses expressing value as a multiple of seller's discretionary earnings, commonly about 2x to 4x for businesses under roughly $1 million in revenue.
- Tail clause
- A listing agreement provision entitling the broker to a commission if a buyer introduced during the term closes after expiration, typically for a stated period.
- Confidential information memorandum
- A marketing document describing a business for sale, released to prospective buyers only after they sign a non-disclosure agreement.
- Asset sale versus stock sale
- In an asset sale the buyer purchases specified assets and generally avoids undisclosed liabilities; in a stock sale the buyer acquires the entity and its liabilities.
- SBA 7(a) acquisition loan
- A U.S. Small Business Administration guaranteed loan often used to finance business acquisitions, typically requiring a down payment, personal guarantee, and supporting valuation.
- Customer concentration risk
- The risk that a large share of revenue comes from few customers; it is a key due diligence item because losing one customer can materially reduce business value.
- Broker engagement limits
- The rule that a business broker should not provide legal or tax advice and should direct the parties to attorneys and accountants for those matters.