CDRS flashcards
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- CDRS credential
- Certified Driver Rehabilitation Specialist credential, administered by ADED, validating competency in clinical and on-road driver evaluation, adaptive equipment, and training across the full driver rehabilitation spectrum.
- Dual-brake vehicle
- Evaluation/training vehicle fitted with a passenger-side brake (and often dual mirrors) so the specialist can intervene; required for on-road assessment and training of novice or at-risk drivers.
- Clinical off-road evaluation
- Pre-driving assessment of vision, cognition, motor skills, sensation, and medical history conducted in a clinic before any on-road testing to screen fitness and guide equipment needs.
- On-road evaluation
- Real-traffic driving assessment in a dual-brake vehicle measuring vehicle control, hazard perception, judgment, route-following, and divided attention to determine fitness to drive.
- Spinner knob
- Steering aid attached to the wheel allowing one-handed steering; common for drivers with limited grip or one functional upper extremity, often paired with hand controls.
- Hand controls
- Mechanical or electronic system using hand levers for acceleration and braking, prescribed for drivers who cannot safely operate foot pedals due to lower-extremity impairment.
- Left-foot accelerator
- Pedal relocated to the left side for drivers with right-leg impairment who retain adequate left-leg function and coordination; requires retraining and on-road practice.
- Reduced-effort steering
- Power-steering modification lowering steering effort for drivers with weakness or limited strength; must be matched to the driver's measured strength and endurance.
- Wheelchair-accessible vehicle
- Vehicle modified with ramp or lift, lowered floor, and securement system allowing a driver or passenger to remain in a wheelchair during transport.
- Transfer seat
- Power swivel/lift seat that moves from vehicle seat to wheelchair height, enabling a driver with mobility impairment to transfer into the driver's position independently.
- Joystick driving system
- High-tech integrated control allowing steering, acceleration, and braking through a single joystick; requires specialist prescription, fitting, and extensive training.
- Sip-and-puff controls
- High-tech system using breath pressure and suction to operate vehicle functions; reserved for drivers with very limited limb function and requires specialist evaluation and training.
- Visual field screening
- Assessment of peripheral vision extent; significant field loss (e.g., hemianopia) may preclude driving or require restriction and specialist on-road evaluation.
- Visual neglect
- Attention deficit causing failure to respond to one side of space; strongly associated with unsafe driving after stroke and a key reason for on-road assessment.
- Contrast sensitivity
- Ability to detect differences in luminance; reduced contrast sensitivity impairs hazard detection in low light, fog, or rain and may justify driving restrictions.
- Useful field of view
- Measure of functional visual attention across the visual field; reduced UFOV correlates with crash risk in older drivers and informs on-road testing decisions.
- Trail Making Test
- Neuropsychological measure of visual attention, sequencing, and set-shifting (Parts A and B); used in off-road evaluation to screen cognitive readiness for driving.
- Reaction time testing
- Measurement of speed of response to stimuli (simple and choice); prolonged reaction time suggests increased crash risk and informs training or restriction decisions.
- Fitness-to-drive determination
- Formal conclusion after evaluation and training stating whether the driver is unrestricted, restricted (equipment, daylight, radius), or not fit to drive, with documented rationale.
- Driving restriction codes
- Licensing conditions such as corrective lenses, adaptive equipment required, daylight only, or geographic radius limits, communicated to the DMV and driver.
- Medical review board
- State authority that evaluates medical fitness to drive based on physician and specialist reports; driver rehabilitation findings are commonly submitted to support decisions.
- Adaptive equipment prescription
- Written recommendation specifying equipment type, rationale, measurements, and training needs, developed with the driver and equipment dealer before installation.
- Equipment dealer coordination
- Collaboration with a mobility equipment dealer for fitting, installation, and verification that modifications meet the driver's measured needs and safety standards.
- Behind-the-wheel training
- Structured on-road instruction to build skill with adaptive equipment, compensate for deficits, and confirm safe independent driving before final recommendation.
- Cognitive driving retraining
- Strategy-based training targeting attention, visual scanning, hazard perception, and executive function to improve on-road performance after neurological injury.
- Progressive neurological disease
- Conditions such as MS, Parkinson's, or ALS that change over time; driving fitness must be reassessed periodically and equipment needs anticipated as function declines.
- Dementia and driving
- Progressive cognitive decline impairing judgment and memory; driving cessation planning, repeated evaluation, and family/physician involvement are central to safe management.
- Driving cessation counseling
- Supporting a driver in retiring from driving, including alternative transportation planning, family involvement, and addressing emotional and identity impacts.
- Dual-brake inspection log
- Record of routine checks and maintenance of evaluation vehicle brakes, mirrors, and adaptive devices, documenting safety compliance and liability protection.
- Informed consent in driver rehab
- Documented disclosure of evaluation risks, confidentiality limits, and reporting obligations (e.g., to DMV or physicians) obtained before assessment or training.
- HIPAA compliance
- Protection of driver health information during evaluation, reporting, and coordination with insurers, physicians, and licensing agencies; requires authorized releases.
- Outcome documentation
- Written record of evaluation findings, equipment prescribed, training hours, progress, and final fitness-to-drive recommendation with supporting rationale for referral sources.