CLEP Introductory Business Law study plan

Distinguish the common law of contracts from UCC Article 2 sales by listing five fact patterns and naming the governing body of law for each

Sequence the elements of contract formation (offer, acceptance, consideration, capacity, legality) and write a one-sentence definition of each from memory

Apply the mirror image rule and the UCC 2-207 battle-of-the-forms analysis to three written hypotheticals and identify which terms control

Classify five scenarios as express, implied-in-fact, implied-in-law, or void/voidable contracts and justify each classification in one line

Explain the Statute of Frauds categories and the UCC merchant confirmation exception, then decide enforceability for six written scenarios

Differentiate assignment, delegation, and third-party beneficiary contracts and identify the parties' rights in four scenarios

Diagnose breach, anticipatory repudiation, and the available remedies (expectation, reliance, restitution, specific performance) in five fact patterns

Recite the UCC perfect tender rule, cure rights, and buyer/seller remedies without notes

Trace the development of English common law, equity, and the reception of common law into American jurisdictions in a timeline of at least eight dated or sequenced entries

Map the hierarchy of federal and state sources of law and rank them by authority in a diagram you can redraw from memory

Summarize the constitutional doctrines of judicial review, federalism, and the Commerce Clause with one landmark case each, stated by holding rather than by name alone

Describe the protections in the Bill of Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment as applied to business regulation, giving two examples per protection

Differentiate subject-matter and personal jurisdiction, venue, and standing, then resolve jurisdiction in five written scenarios

Order the stages of civil litigation from pleading through appeal and identify the standard of review applied at each appellate stage

Compare negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and litigation on cost, enforceability, and control, and select the best forum for four disputes

Define the four tort elements (duty, breach, causation, damages) and apply them to three negligence hypotheticals

Distinguish intentional torts (battery, assault, false imprisonment, trespass, conversion, defamation) by element in a comparison grid

Apply the reasonable person standard, the Learned Hand formula, and res ipsa loquitur to four negligence scenarios

Evaluate the defenses of contributory and comparative negligence, assumption of risk, and immunity in five fact patterns

Classify strict liability and product liability theories (manufacturing defect, design defect, failure to warn) and match each to a scenario

Explain business torts including interference with contract, fraud, and misrepresentation with one example each

Compare sole proprietorships, general and limited partnerships, LLCs, and corporations on formation, liability, taxation, and continuity in a matrix

Explain agency formation, actual versus apparent authority, fiduciary duties, and termination, then resolve authority in five scenarios

Describe corporate formation, piercing the corporate veil, and the business judgment rule with the facts that trigger each

Outline securities regulation basics under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Exchange Act of 1934, including registration exemptions and insider trading liability

Summarize the core requirements of the major employment statutes (Title VII, ADEA, ADA, FLSA, OSHA, FMLA) by covered employer, protected class, and remedy

Distinguish the forms of intellectual property (patent, copyright, trademark, trade secret) by subject matter, duration, and registration

Explain the main environmental statutes (Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, RCRA, CERCLA) and identify the liability standard for each

Outline antitrust basics under the Sherman and Clayton Acts, including per se versus rule of reason analysis

Identify the elements of the major white-collar and property crimes relevant to business and the constitutional safeguards that apply during investigation

Complete two full-length timed practice exams under test-day conditions and record per-domain accuracy

Re-teach your three weakest domains from scratch using only your own notes and error log

Drill 100 flashcards covering definitions, element lists, and statutory thresholds until you reach 90 percent recall

Simulate exam pacing by answering 60 questions in 60 minutes and reviewing only flagged items