Architectural Design (Design Studio / 建筑构造与详图作图)
The 建筑构造与详图作图 paper is the drawing test of the Grade-2 exam (二级注册建筑师作图题). A brief - a small building, a site plan, or a named node - must be turned into plans, sections and details that a builder could actually use. Markers work from a checklist: correct geometry first, complete construction layers second, standard drawing conventions third. Nothing is awarded for presentation.
Drawing conventions that are marked
- Line hierarchy: 粗实线 b for cut walls, slabs and columns; 中实线 0.5b for visible edges; 细实线 0.25b for dimension lines, leaders and hatching. Set b = 0.7 mm and hold it across the sheet.
- 索引符号 is a 10 mm circle, detail number above, sheet number below; 详图符号 uses a 14 mm circle. Numbers must agree between the two drawings.
- 标高 uses a right-angled triangle in metres to three decimals, ±0.000 at finished ground floor; 总平面 takes two decimals.
- Dimensions in millimetres, in closed chains: total, axis, opening, read from outside inwards.
What a complete node contains
Every detail is a stack - 结构层 → 找平层 → 防水层 → 保温层 → 保护层 - plus the three items candidates forget: 附加层, 收头, and 滴水/泛水.
Worked example, 女儿墙泛水节点 with 卷材防水:
- 泛水高度 measured from the finished roof surface, not the structural slab: not less than 250 mm.
- 附加层 at the internal corner, at least 250 mm each side, laid under the main membrane.
- 收头 pressed into a groove on the parapet inner face, fixed with a metal batten and sealed with 密封膏, the groove above the 250 mm line.
- 压顶 with a 鹰嘴 drip on the outer edge so water cannot run down the wall.
- 保温层 continuous and turned up the parapet, because the corner is the thermal bridge. Each numbered item equals one line the marker expects; a missing 附加层 loses the node mark even when the geometry looks right.
Traps that cost marks
- 泛水 measured from the structural slab, or drawn at 300 mm against a 250 mm requirement.
- 防水层 drawn as a single line with no 附加层 and no 收头 groove.
- One line weight everywhere, so a section reads as a diagram rather than a detail.
- 楼梯 净高 2.20 m over the flight and 2.00 m at the landing - verified on the section, not the plan.
- No 图名, 比例, 指北针 or 轴线编号, so a correct drawing cannot be located.