Kaoyan Politics key terms

Material and social activity treated in the named epistemological framework as a source, purpose and test of cognition.

The process and content of understanding considered in relation to evidence, concepts and the practical context of a question.

A relationship between opposing aspects within the stated dialectical framework, requiring examination of their concrete conditions and interaction.

The contradiction identified as central among several in a defined situation, distinguished from an aspect within one contradiction.

The aspect treated as dominant within a particular contradiction, distinguished from choosing the primary contradiction among several.

Accumulation or variation in degree within a stated model, which does not alone prove that every qualitative threshold has been crossed.

A change in character or organization within the stated framework, requiring identification of what has changed rather than repetition alone.

Transformation described as overcoming some elements while retaining and developing others, rather than indiscriminate rejection of everything inherited.

People and their productive capacities and means considered in material production, distinguished from the social relations governing production.

Social relationships involved in production, including relevant ownership, organization and distribution arrangements under the named theoretical account.

A theoretical approach relating social development and ideas to material production and social conditions, requiring context when applied to particular events.

A commodity's capacity to satisfy a need in Marxist political economy, distinguished from its value or a quoted market price.

A relevant consequence of activity falling outside the private transaction considered, such as pollution costs imposed on neighboring people.

A measure of quantity-demanded responsiveness to a price change under a stated convention and comparison of conditions.

Public revenue and expenditure decisions considered through their intended economic mechanisms, distinguished from a central bank interest-rate instrument.

Action concerning money, interest or credit conditions through the relevant monetary institutions, distinguished from a particular public spending decision.

Reallocation through mechanisms such as public taxes and transfers after relevant production and market-income flows have occurred.

Arrangements addressing specified risks or basic needs through mechanisms that can differ in coverage, financing and eligibility.

Exercising authority through appropriate reasons, information and opportunities to respond within the applicable framework rather than arbitrary action.

Scrutiny of performance or implementation through the relevant institutional role, distinguished from deciding every individual dispute as a court.

A structured opportunity to gather and examine views that does not automatically transfer every formal decision power to the participants.

The proposed connection between an intervention and an outcome, distinguished from evidence that the expected effect actually occurred.

Reasoning about the effect of an intervention while considering competing explanations, rather than attributing every later change to that intervention.

An advantage in relative opportunity cost that can support specialization, distinguished from absolute productivity in one activity alone.

A ratio relating a map distance to ground distance in compatible units, without determining safe passage or operational permission.

The ordering and dating of events, which helps distinguish an original occurrence from later commemoration and interpretation.