CogAT Verbal flashcards
CogAT Verbal · Build recall with a focused review session.
31 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Verbal Classification
- A verbal reasoning item giving three words that share one attribute; the candidate selects the option sharing that same attribute. The shared feature may be category, function, or part-whole relation.
- Verbal Analogy
- An item in the form A is to B as C is to ___. The relationship between the first pair must be identified and then applied in the same direction to the second pair.
- Sentence Completion
- A verbal item with one or two blanks in a sentence. The correct option must fit the sentence's meaning, tone, and grammar, and with two blanks must fit both blanks.
- Antonym item
- A vocabulary question asking for the word most nearly opposite in meaning to the given word. Unrelated words are the typical distractor and should be eliminated first.
- Analogy bridge
- The stated relationship linking the first pair of an analogy, such as whole-to-part, worker-to-tool, or cause-to-effect. The same bridge must connect the second pair.
- Connotation
- The positive, negative, or neutral feeling a word carries beyond its literal meaning. Sentence completion and synonym items often hinge on matching connotation.
- Degree relationship
- An analogy relation where one word is a stronger or weaker version of another, as warm is to hot. The answer must preserve both the direction and the relative intensity.
- Part-to-whole relation
- A relationship in which one term names a component and the other names the larger thing containing it, such as wheel to car. Direction must be preserved in the answer.
- Number Series
- A sequence of numbers following a rule. Candidates find the rule, usually by checking differences, ratios, or alternating patterns, and then supply the next term.
- Arithmetic sequence
- A number pattern in which each term changes by the same fixed amount, found by subtracting consecutive terms. The constant difference predicts the next term.
- Geometric sequence
- A number pattern in which each term is multiplied by the same fixed factor. Dividing consecutive terms reveals the factor used to extend the series.
- Alternating series
- A number pattern in which odd-positioned and even-positioned terms follow two separate rules. Splitting the sequence into two lists usually reveals both rules.
- Number Analogy
- A quantitative item pairing two numbers and asking for a fourth that relates to a third the same way. One consistent operation must map both pairs.
- Number Puzzle
- A grid or matrix of numbers with one missing entry. A rule applied across rows or down columns, such as a constant sum or product, determines the missing value.
- Quantitative Comparison
- An item presenting two quantities and asking which is greater. Direct comparison or a single counterexample often resolves it faster than exact computation.
- Average formula
- Average equals the sum of the values divided by the number of values. Rearranged, the sum equals the average multiplied by the count.
- Percent change
- Percent change equals the difference between new and old values divided by the old value, times one hundred. Increases and decreases of equal percent do not cancel out.
- Ratio parts method
- A technique for ratio problems: treat the ratio as a count of equal parts, divide the total by the number of parts, then multiply to find any share.
- Second-order difference
- The difference between consecutive differences in a number series. A constant second-order difference signals a pattern that grows by a fixed increment each step.
- Square number pattern
- A series built from perfect squares such as 1, 4, 9, 16, or from squares plus or minus a constant. Recognizing squares speeds rule identification.
- Figure Classification
- A nonverbal item showing figures that share one invariant feature, such as symmetry or number of sides. The answer must display that same feature.
- Figure Analogy
- A nonverbal item pairing two figures by a transformation, then asking which figure results from applying that same transformation to a third figure.
- Paper folding
- A nonverbal item in which paper is folded and holes are punched. The unfolded sheet is found by reversing each fold and mirroring holes across the crease.
- Fold-line mirroring
- The rule that a hole punched through folded paper appears on both sides of the crease when unfolded, reflected across the fold line.
- Rotation versus reflection
- Two transformations that can look similar. Rotation preserves the clockwise order of a figure's features, while reflection reverses that order.
- Line of symmetry
- A line dividing a figure into two halves that are mirror images. The number of such lines is a common classifying feature in figure items.
- Enclosed regions
- The number of distinct bounded areas inside a figure. Counting enclosed regions is a frequent invariant rule in figure classification and series items.
- Open versus closed figure
- A closed figure has an unbroken boundary enclosing area, while an open figure does not. This distinction often separates the answer from the distractors.
- Shading inversion
- A transformation swapping filled and unfilled areas of a figure. It commonly appears in figure analogies and series as the single changing attribute.
- Figure series
- A sequence of figures changing by a repeating rule, such as adding a side or rotating. The answer continues the rule consistently across all consecutive pairs.
- Attribute counting
- A strategy of tallying separate features such as sides, vertices, dots, and shaded cells. The governing rule usually involves exactly one of these counts.