CPHQ flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Mission statement

A concise declaration of an organization's purpose and primary reason for existing that anchors strategic planning, goal setting, and resource allocation decisions.

Vision statement

Describes the desired future state an organization intends to achieve; it is aspirational and guides long-range strategy, whereas the mission describes present purpose.

Transformational leadership

A style using idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration to raise followers' commitment and performance beyond expected levels.

Shared governance

A structure in which nurses and other clinicians hold decision authority through councils, distributing control over practice, quality, and professional development across the organization.

Kotter's eight steps

A change model sequencing urgency, guiding coalition, vision, communication, empowerment, short-term wins, consolidation, and anchoring change in culture to overcome resistance.

Span of control

The number of employees reporting directly to one manager; wider spans flatten hierarchy and reduce layers, while narrow spans increase supervision and administrative overhead.

Magnet recognition

ANCC designation awarded to hospitals meeting standards for transformational leadership, structural empowerment, exemplary professional practice, new knowledge and innovation, and empirical quality outcomes.

Thomas-Kilmann conflict modes

Five conflict-handling approaches, competing, collaborating, compromising, avoiding, and accommodating, selected according to the importance of the issue and the relationship.

Nominal data

The lowest measurement scale, in which values are unordered categories such as sex or payer type, permitting only frequency counts and proportions.

Sensitivity

The proportion of people who truly have a condition and test positive, calculated as TP/(TP+FN); a highly sensitive test supports ruling out disease when negative.

Positive predictive value

The probability that a positive test result is correct, calculated as TP/(TP+FP); unlike sensitivity, it depends on the prevalence of the condition in the tested population.

Incidence rate

The number of new cases of a condition divided by the population at risk during a specified time period, measuring how frequently new disease occurs.

Statistical process control chart

A time-ordered graph with a centerline and statistically derived control limits used to separate common-cause variation from special-cause variation in a process.

Reliability versus validity

Reliability is consistency of repeated measurement, while validity is whether a measure captures the intended concept; a measure can be reliable without being valid.

Risk adjustment

Statistical methods that account for differences in patient severity and case mix so outcomes can be compared fairly across providers, plans, or time periods.

Descriptive analytics

Analysis of historical data using summary statistics, dashboards, and reports to show what happened; it does not explain causes or forecast future outcomes.

PDSA cycle

A small-scale improvement method in which Plan predicts an outcome, Do tests the change, Study compares results with the prediction, and Act adopts, adapts, or abandons it.

DMAIC

Six Sigma's five-phase improvement roadmap, Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control, applied to existing processes whose causes of variation are unknown.

FMEA risk priority number

A score computed as severity times occurrence times detection, each rated 1 to 10; higher scores identify failure modes that should be redesigned first.

Pareto chart

A bar chart ranking causes from most to least frequent with a cumulative percentage line, illustrating that a few causes produce most of the problems.

Fishbone diagram

A cause-and-effect tool that organizes potential causes of a problem into branches such as people, process, equipment, materials, environment, and management.

Six Sigma

A quality methodology targeting no more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities by reducing process variation using data and statistical tools.

Value stream map

A visual depiction of material and information flow across a process, used to identify waste, delay, and non-value-added steps before redesign.

Process capability index

Cpk measures how well a stable process fits within specification limits while accounting for centering; a value of 1.33 or higher is often required.

Sentinel event

An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury, or the risk of such harm, that triggers immediate investigation and root cause analysis.

Swiss cheese model

Reason's model in which harm reaches patients only when holes in multiple layers of defense, representing latent conditions and active failures, line up.

Near miss

An error or event that could have caused harm but was intercepted before reaching the patient, or reached the patient without injury; it should be reported and analyzed.

Just culture

A safety culture that responds to human error with consolation, at-risk behavior with coaching, and reckless behavior with sanction, rather than judging by outcome alone.

High reliability organization

An organization sustaining safe performance in high-risk settings through preoccupation with failure, reluctance to simplify, sensitivity to operations, resilience, and deference to expertise.

National Patient Safety Goals

Joint Commission requirements targeting high-risk safety issues such as patient identification, handoff communication, medication safety, and infection prevention.

Root cause analysis

A systematic team review of an adverse or sentinel event that identifies contributing system factors and produces an action plan to prevent recurrence.

Care bundle

A small set of evidence-based practices performed collectively and consistently for a defined patient population, with compliance scored as all-or-none.