Pancyprian TS Jewellery III flashcards
Pancyprian TS Jewellery III · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Karat to fineness
- Karat divided by 24 gives the fine fraction, so 18 karat equals 0.750 and 14 karat equals 0.585. Millesimal fineness states the same value in parts per thousand.
- Sterling silver composition
- Sterling silver is 925 parts silver to 1000, with copper making up the balance. It is harder than fine silver but tarnishes more readily because of the copper content.
- Density of fine gold
- Fine gold has a density of about 19.3 grams per cubic centimetre. Comparing measured density with this value helps distinguish gold from plated base metal.
- Saw blade tooth direction
- A piercing saw blade is mounted with teeth pointing toward the handle and tensioned by shortening the frame. Two or three teeth should contact the metal while cutting.
- File cut numbers
- File cut numbers describe tooth coarseness. Low numbers such as 0 and 1 remove stock quickly, while 4 and 6 are fine cuts used for finishing and cleaning up stone seats.
- Torch leak test
- Hoses and regulator connections are checked with soap solution before use. Bubbles indicate a leak, and a leaking torch must never be lit.
- Ring size from diameter
- Ring circumference equals pi multiplied by inner diameter. Measure the inner diameter at the widest point with a caliper, then convert to the sizing scale in use.
- Section view purpose
- A section view shows internal detail such as wall thickness and stone-seat depth. It communicates information that an outside view of the piece cannot show.
- Draw filing
- Draw filing holds the file at right angles to the work and pushes it sideways along the surface. It flattens the surface and removes saw marks left by piercing.
- Piercing a starter hole
- Drill a small hole in the waste area, thread the saw blade through it, re-tension the frame, then cut on the waste side of the marked line.
- Solder flow direction
- Solder flows toward the heat source and into the hottest part of the joint. Heat the larger mass first so the whole joint reaches soldering temperature evenly.
- Solder grade order
- Solder grades are used in descending melting order: hard first, then medium, easy and extra-easy. This lets later joints be soldered without disturbing earlier ones.
- Annealing sterling silver
- Heat sterling silver to a dull red, hold briefly, then quench in water. Coating the piece with flux beforehand limits firestain during heating.
- Pickle tong material
- Use copper or brass tongs in pickle, never steel. Steel in the acid bath can deposit copper onto the work through a galvanic reaction.
- Rolling reduction limit
- Rolling reduces thickness and elongates metal in the rolling direction. Anneal between reductions of roughly fifty percent to prevent edge cracking.
- Polishing compound sequence
- Use tripoli as a pre-polish on gold and silver, then rouge for final colour. Keep a separate mop for each compound to avoid cross-contamination.
- Mohs hardness scale
- The scale runs talc 1, gypsum 2, calcite 3, fluorite 4, apatite 5, orthoclase 6, quartz 7, topaz 8, corundum 9 and diamond 10.
- Bezel wall thickness
- A bezel wall of about 0.5 to 0.8 millimetres allows the metal to be pushed over the stone and burnished without cracking.
- Ultrasonic cleaning limits
- Do not use ultrasonic or steam cleaning on emerald, opal, pearl, turquoise or fracture-filled stones. These need soft cleaning only.
- Soldered jump ring
- A soldered jump ring forms a permanent connection, while an unsoldered ring can open under load. Solder rings at clasp attachment points.
- Hinge pin fit
- A hinge pin should be a close sliding fit inside the knuckle and secured at one end. The knuckle must move freely without play or binding.
- Hallmark content
- A hallmark records metal fineness and often the maker, assay office and date. Hallmarking is a legal requirement in many jurisdictions.
- Repair documentation
- Photograph the item before work and record metal, alloy, stones, weight and agreed scope. Give a written estimate and note any risks to fragile stones.
- Casting porosity
- Porosity appears as pits after polishing and comes from trapped gas or shrinkage. Uniform section thickness in the design reduces shrinkage porosity.
- Burnishing effect
- Burnishing with steel or agate compresses the metal surface and improves reflectivity without removing material. It follows polishing rather than replacing it.
- Working drawing content
- A working drawing states metal, alloy, dimensions, stone sizes and quantities, finish and hallmarking requirement. Dimensions should come from a single datum.
- Refractometer reading
- A refractometer reads refractive index from a flat polished facet. Rough or cabochon stones cannot be read, so another identification method is needed.
- Diamond thermal test
- A thermal conductivity tester separates diamond from cubic zirconia and glass. Diamond conducts heat far better than these simulants.
- Soldering fume control
- Local fume extraction is required at the soldering bench because metal fume and flux fumes are respiratory hazards. Eye protection is also needed.
- Cadmium-free solder
- Cadmium-bearing solders flow at low temperature but are toxic. Use cadmium-free solders for jewellery intended for skin contact.
- Ring blank length
- Ring blank length equals the inner circumference plus allowance for metal thickness and the solder gap. Measure size at the widest inner diameter.
- Rhodium plating purpose
- Rhodium plating over white gold or platinum gives a bright white finish. It wears over time and needs re-plating, especially on rings.