Traffic rules and road traffic law (pravidla provozu na pozemních komunikacích)
Zákon č. 361/2000 Sb., o provozu na pozemních komunikacích, underpins this domain. The exam tests application, not definitions: speed limits for a heavy bus, priority at intersections, overtaking bans, stopping rules and level-crossing duties, all applied to a concrete scene.
Speed limits
- Obec 50 km/h, mimo obec 90 km/h, dálnice 130 km/h, silnice pro motorová vozidla 110 km/h.
- For vehicles with nejvyšší povolená hmotnost above 3 500 kg the dálnice limit drops to 110 km/h and the silnice pro motorová vozidla limit to 90 km/h; a category D bus also carries a speed limiter set to 100 km/h.
- These are maxima. § 18 requires you to slow down for visibility, surface, load and passengers.
Priority
- Unmarked intersection: give way to vehicles approaching from the right.
- P2 Hlavní pozemní komunikace confers priority; P4 Dej přednost v jízdě does not require a stop; P6 Stůj, dej přednost v jízdě does - stop at the stop line.
- At a kruhový objezd marked C1 with P4, vehicles already on the circle have priority.
- Turning left: give way to oncoming vehicles and to pedestrians crossing the road you enter. Trams have priority over other vehicles.
Overtaking
- Overtake on the left; on the right only if the vehicle ahead is turning left and there is room, or when passing a tram.
- Banned on and immediately before a přechod pro chodce, on a železniční přejezd, at intersections unless you are on the main road, and wherever the view is insufficient.
- Never overtake a vehicle stopped at a crossing to let pedestrians through.
Stopping and standing
- Zastavení means you stay with the vehicle and intend to continue; stání is longer and you may leave it. Some bans apply to both.
- No stopping on a crossing or within 5 m before it, in a bus stop marked with a yellow zigzag, on a railway crossing, in a tunnel, on a dálnice outside marked areas, or where less than 3 m of the roadway would stay free.
Level crossings
- Stop at P6 or a flashing red light. Never enter if traffic could force you to halt on the crossing.
- No overtaking, turning or reversing on the crossing.
Worked example
A 12-tonne bus on a third-class road outside a town reaches an unmarked crossroads and turns left into a street with a zebra. Reasoning: the limit is 90 km/h, but a blind junction demands far less. You give way to any vehicle from the right, then to oncoming traffic before turning, then to pedestrians on the zebra. Because the rear overhang sweeps outward in a turn, you check the left mirror for the kerb and for people on the corner.
Traps
- Using 130 km/h as your dálnice limit.
- Applying the right-hand rule on a roundabout marked C1/P4.
- Rolling through P6 because "nothing was coming".
- Overtaking on the approach to a zebra.