Czech A1 key terms

The standard formal Czech greeting used when meeting someone during the day. It works in shops, offices, and with strangers, and is the safest greeting for a beginner to use in almost any situation.

An informal Czech greeting meaning hello or hi, used among friends, family, and people of similar age. It also serves as an informal goodbye. Using it with strangers or officials can sound too casual.

The formal Czech way to say goodbye, literally meaning until we meet again. It is the standard closing in shops, offices, and polite conversation, and is expected when leaving a formal exchange.

A multi-purpose Czech word meaning please, here you are, or go ahead. It is used when making a request, when handing something to someone, and when inviting someone to speak or enter.

The standard Czech word for thank you. The shorter form dik is informal and used with friends. In shops and offices the full form is expected, often followed by prosím or neni zač.

A polite Czech expression used to get attention, apologize for a small mistake, or ask someone to repeat something. It corresponds to excuse me or sorry and is essential in shops and on the street.

A question asking whether the person speaks English. It is a survival phrase for beginners who cannot yet hold a conversation in Czech and need to switch to English for help.

A Czech sentence meaning I do not understand. It signals to the listener that the message was not clear and usually prompts repetition, slower speech, or a switch to simpler words.

A polite request meaning please repeat. It is used in listening situations when a word or sentence was missed, and it is one of the most useful repair phrases for the listening part of the exam.

A Czech adverb meaning slowly. Learners use it to ask someone to speak more slowly, for example mluvte pomalu. It appears in instructions and in descriptions of how someone speaks or moves.

The Czech noun for name, used for both first names and full names. It appears in forms and introductions, as in Jak se jmenujete? or Moje jméno je. It is a neuter noun ending in -o.

A reflexive Czech verb meaning to be called or to be named. It is the standard way to give your name: Jmenuji se Petra. The question form Jak se jmenujete? is formal, while Jak se jmenuješ? is informal.

A Czech verb meaning to live or to reside somewhere. It is used to state your home city or address, as in Bydlím v Praze. The question Kde bydlíte? is a common introductory exchange in speaking tests.

A Czech question word meaning from where. It is used to ask about origin, as in Odkud jste? The answer uses z or ze plus the country or city in the genitive case, for example z Německa.

The Czech noun for nationality. It appears in personal-information forms and in questions such as Jaká je vaše národnost? The related adjective národní means national, and the noun národ means nation.

A Czech question word meaning how much or how many. It is used for prices, ages, and quantities, as in Kolik to stojí? or Kolik je vám let? The noun after it changes case depending on the phrase.

The Czech noun for price. It is a feminine noun and appears in shopping dialogues, menus, and signs. The question Kolik to stojí? asks for the price, and the answer often uses korun.

A Czech verb meaning to cost, used with a thing as the subject: Kolik to stojí? The same spelling also means to stand, so context decides the meaning. It is central to shopping and restaurant exchanges.

The Czech currency unit, abbreviated Kč. Prices in shops, menus, and tickets are given in koruny, and the noun changes form after numbers: jedna koruna, dvě koruny, pět korun.

The Czech noun for food or a meal. It is a neuter noun and appears on menus, in shops, and in questions about preferences such as Co máte rád k jídlu? The related verb jíst means to eat.

A Czech verb meaning to drink. Its forms include piju, piješ, pije. It appears in restaurant orders and in questions about habits, and it is often paired with the verb jíst in everyday dialogues.

The Czech noun for restaurant. It is a feminine noun ending in -e and appears on signs, in directions, and in dialogues about reserving a table or ordering. The related word restaurace is also used in menu headings.

The Czech noun for a bill or account. In a restaurant, the phrase Platím, prosím or Zaplatíme, prosím asks for the bill. The same word also appears in banking contexts, such as bankovní účet.

The Czech noun for train. It is a masculine noun and appears in timetables, station announcements, and travel dialogues. Related words include nádraží for station and jízdenka for ticket.

The Czech noun for a railway station. It is a neuter noun and appears on signs and in directions. The phrase Na nádraží means to or at the station, and it is a common destination in listening dialogues.

The Czech noun for a ticket, used for trains, buses, and public transport. It is a feminine noun. Buying and checking tickets is a frequent task in listening and reading texts at the A1 level.

A Czech question phrase meaning at what time. It is used to ask about schedules, openings, and appointments, and the answer is expressed with v plus the hour, for example v sedm hodin.

The Czech noun for hour and also for a lesson or class. It is a feminine noun. Telling time uses hodin after numbers, as in pět hodin, and the question Kolik je hodin? asks the time.

A Czech adverb meaning today. It appears in schedules, announcements, and short messages, often contrasted with zítra for tomorrow and včera for yesterday. These time words are frequent in listening tasks.

A Czech adverb meaning tomorrow. It is used in plans, appointments, and weather reports, and it contrasts with dnes and včera. Recognizing it quickly helps in short listening dialogues about schedules.

A Czech sign word meaning open, seen on shop and restaurant doors. Its opposite is zavřeno, meaning closed. Reading opening hours and these signs is a typical task in the reading section.

A Czech sign word meaning closed, displayed on shops, offices, and museums outside opening hours. It is the opposite of otevřeno, and both words often appear together with times in reading texts.

The Czech noun for shop or store. It is a masculine noun and appears on signs, in directions, and in shopping dialogues. The related word nakupovat means to shop, and prodavač means shop assistant.

The Czech noun for bank. It appears on signs and in directions, and it is a common destination in short dialogues about opening hours or exchanging money. The related word is bankomat for cash machine.

The Czech noun for address. It appears in forms, envelopes, and directions, and it is a common item in personal-information tasks. Writing your address correctly is part of the writing section.

The Czech noun for surname or last name. Forms often ask for jméno a příjmení separately, so candidates must recognize the difference. It is a neuter noun and is related to the adjective příjemný only by shape, not meaning.

The Czech noun for form, as in an application or registration form. Reading and completing simple forms with name, address, and date of birth is a standard writing task at the A1 level.

The Czech phrase for date of birth, common on forms and identity documents. It combines datum for date and narození for birth. Candidates should recognize it and write dates in the day-month-year order.

The Czech noun for year. It is a masculine noun with irregular plural forms, such as roky and let. It appears in dates, ages, and time expressions, for example před rokem meaning a year ago.