DANB COA flashcards
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31 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Angle Class I
- A molar relationship in which the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes in the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar, with normal anteroposterior skeletal and dental relationships.
- Angle Class II
- A molar relationship in which the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar is mesial to the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar, often associated with a retrusive mandible or protrusive maxilla.
- Angle Class III
- A molar relationship in which the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar is distal to the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar, commonly associated with mandibular prognathism.
- Overjet
- The horizontal distance from the labial incisal edge of the maxillary central incisor to the labial surface of the mandibular central incisor; normal is approximately 2 to 3 mm.
- Overbite
- The vertical overlap of the maxillary central incisors over the mandibular central incisors, normally about 2 mm or roughly 20 to 30 percent of the lower incisor crown.
- Leeway space
- The difference in mesiodistal width between the primary canine and primary molars and their permanent successors the canine and two premolars, typically larger in the mandible.
- Arch length discrepancy
- The available arch length minus the sum of the mesiodistal widths of the teeth; a negative value indicates crowding and a positive value indicates excess space.
- ANB angle
- The angle formed by points A, Nasion, and B on a cephalometric tracing; about 2 degrees is normal, larger values suggest skeletal Class II, and negative values suggest Class III.
- Anchorage
- Resistance to unwanted tooth movement used to support desired movement; classified as maximum, moderate, or minimum, and sourced from teeth, palate, cortical bone, or extraoral appliances.
- Bracket bonding sequence
- Isolate and dry the field, etch enamel, rinse and dry to a frosty appearance, apply primer, place adhesive and bracket, then light cure for the manufacturer's specified time.
- Enamel etching
- Application of phosphoric acid gel for about 15 to 30 seconds to create microporosity for resin retention; the rinsed and dried surface should appear frosty white.
- Separator placement
- Elastomeric or metal separators are placed between posterior teeth about one to two days before banding to create enough interproximal space for band seating.
- Archwire progression
- A planned sequence from light flexible round wires such as nickel-titanium for initial alignment to stiffer wires for leveling, space closure, and finishing.
- Elastomeric ligature
- A small elastic ring stretched over the bracket tie wings to hold the archwire in the slot; it loses force over time and is replaced at adjustment visits.
- Debonding
- Removal of brackets using debonding pliers, followed by removal of residual resin with a finishing bur and polishing of the enamel surface.
- Alginate impression
- A reversible hydrocolloid impression material mixed to a smooth consistency, loaded into a tray, seated over the teeth, and poured promptly to limit distortion.
- Retainer instructions
- Patients should insert and remove the retainer as directed, clean it with a soft brush and cool water, and bring it to each visit for fit evaluation.
- Hand hygiene
- Use alcohol-based hand rub when hands are not visibly soiled and soap and water when soiled or after contact with body fluids; perform after glove removal.
- Critical item
- An item that enters sterile tissue or the vascular system, such as a surgical instrument or scaler, and must be sterilized before reuse.
- Semicritical item
- An item that contacts mucous membranes or nonintact skin, such as a mouth mirror, and requires sterilization or high-level disinfection between patients.
- Biological indicator
- A spore-based test used to verify sterilizer efficacy; it is the most reliable sterilization monitor and is run at the frequency set by practice policy.
- Sharps handling
- Never recap needles by hand; use a one-handed scoop or a recapping device, and discard sharps immediately into a puncture-resistant container.
- ALARA principle
- As low as reasonably achievable; radiographic exposure is minimized using fast film or digital sensors, proper technique, and lead aprons with thyroid collars.
- Exposure control plan
- A written OSHA-required plan describing how the practice protects employees from bloodborne pathogens, including vaccination offers and post-exposure follow-up.
- Syncope management
- For a fainting patient, position the patient supine with legs elevated, loosen tight clothing, monitor vital signs, and allow gradual return to an upright position.
- Chart entry standards
- Clinical entries should be dated, timed, signed, factual, and complete, with no blank lines or obliterated text, because the record is a legal document.
- Informed consent
- A documented discussion of diagnosis, proposed treatment, alternatives, and risks such as root resorption, decalcification, and relapse, signed by the patient or guardian.
- HIPAA minimum necessary
- The principle that uses and disclosures of protected health information should be limited to the least amount needed for the intended purpose.
- Orthodontic record set
- The standard diagnostic record includes study models, intraoral and extraoral photographs, panoramic and cephalometric radiographs, and complete treatment notes.
- Adjustment interval
- Routine orthodontic adjustment visits are typically scheduled every four to six weeks, with shorter intervals for broken appliances or poor oral hygiene.
- Record retention
- The length of time patient records must be kept, set by state law and practice policy; records are retained even after treatment is completed or transferred.