Lower Saxony Zentralabitur Values and Norms cheat sheet

Integrated humanities foundations: Lower Saxony Zentralabitur Values and Norms

• Separate premises, conclusion, validity and soundness.

• Reconstruct the actual claim without strengthening it.

• Compare reason, experience and justification carefully.

• Distinguish what exists from how it can be known.

• Support philosophical commentary with concepts, evidence and argument.

• Distinguish a philosophical model from a complete empirical description.

• Compare mind-body positions through their claims and problems.

• Analyze agency, coercion, knowledge and responsibility without inventing legal rules.

• Contrast social-contract theories rather than merging them.

• Evaluate justice through specified principles, affected people and constraints.

• Distinguish descriptive, normative, metaethical and applied questions.

• Kantian reasoning examines maxims, duty and respect for persons.

• Utilitarian arguments require an account of welfare and consequences.

• Virtue ethics emphasizes cultivated character and practical wisdom.

• Compare justifications, not only whether conclusions happen to agree.

• Clarify facts, uncertainty, options and affected parties first.

• Distinguish moral reasoning from empirical and legal claims.

• Analyze autonomy, care, harm and justice with appropriate context.

• Evaluate media truthfulness together with context, privacy and public responsibility.

• State conditions and limits rather than promising a universal decision formula.

• Make the criterion of moral consideration explicit.

• Separate an empirical prediction from the value premise behind a decision.

• Compare uncertainty, reversibility and affected parties.

• Social conditions can shape agency without proving total determinism.