DAA flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Four-handed dentistry zones
- The dentist typically works from the 7-12 o'clock position and the assistant from 2-4 o'clock, with the patient's mouth as the clock center.
- Transfer zone
- The area below and in front of the patient's chin where instruments are exchanged between dentist and assistant, avoiding passing over the face.
- High-volume evacuation
- A suction tip held near the operative site to capture coolant spray and aerosol before it escapes into the operatory air.
- Spore test
- A biological monitor using bacterial spores to verify sterilizer effectiveness; Geobacillus stearothermophilus is used for steam autoclaves.
- Critical instrument
- An item that penetrates soft tissue or bone, such as a scaler or surgical bur, and therefore must be sterilized before use.
- Semicritical item
- An item that contacts mucous membranes but not deep tissue, such as a mirror or impression tray, requiring high-level disinfection or sterilization.
- Sharps container rule
- Needles and blades go into a rigid, puncture-resistant container that is replaced when about three-quarters full, never recapped by hand.
- Universal numbering
- A system numbering permanent teeth 1-16 from the maxillary right to left and 17-32 from the mandibular left to right.
- Cusp of Carabelli
- An accessory cusp found on the mesiolingual surface of the maxillary first molar, most commonly tooth number 3.
- Enamel composition
- The hardest dental tissue, about 96 percent mineral by weight, non-vital, and unable to regenerate after loss.
- Pulp chamber
- The central space in the crown containing nerve and blood supply, continuous with the root canal that exits at the apical foramen.
- Amalgam setting
- A silver-tin-copper-mercury alloy that hardens through amalgamation and expands slightly; not used for esthetic restorations.
- Composite curing depth
- Composite resin is placed in increments of about 2 mm or less so visible blue light can adequately polymerize each layer.
- Zinc oxide-eugenol
- A sedative temporary cement whose eugenol component inhibits polymerization of composite resin, so the two should not contact.
- Alginate impression
- A hydrocolloid impression material that is dimensionally unstable and should be poured within minutes of setting.
- Bisecting-angle technique
- A periapical exposure method aiming the central ray perpendicular to the bisector of the tooth's long axis and the receptor plane.
- Paralleling technique
- A periapical method placing the receptor parallel to the tooth's long axis with the central ray perpendicular to both.
- ALARA principle
- The principle of keeping radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable through collimation, fast receptors, and justified exposures.
- Cone-cut error
- A radiograph error in which the position-indicating device does not cover the entire receptor, leaving an unexposed curved edge.
- Vasovagal syncope
- The most common dental emergency; treat by placing the patient supine with legs elevated and monitoring airway and vital signs.
- Anaphylaxis treatment
- Give intramuscular epinephrine into the anterolateral thigh, provide oxygen, and activate emergency medical services immediately.
- Hypoglycemia response
- For a conscious diabetic, give about 15 grams of fast-acting oral carbohydrate; if unconscious, do not give oral fluids and call EMS.
- Lidocaine maximum dose
- Lidocaine 2 percent with epinephrine has a maximum recommended dose near 4.4 mg/kg, or about 300 mg for an average adult.
- Epinephrine 1:100,000
- A concentration equal to 0.01 mg per mL; a standard 1.8 mL cartridge therefore contains 0.018 mg of epinephrine.
- Articaine characteristics
- A 4 percent amide anesthetic with both amide and ester features, used with epinephrine and dosed up to about 7 mg/kg.
- Inferior alveolar block
- A mandibular nerve block using landmarks such as the coronoid notch and pterygomandibular raphe to anesthetize the lower teeth.
- Accounts receivable aging
- A report grouping unpaid balances by age, such as 0-30, 31-60, 61-90, and over 90 days, to flag collection risk.
- HIPAA minimum necessary
- The rule limiting protected health information disclosed to the amount reasonably needed for the purpose of the use.
- Informed consent elements
- Disclosure of risks, benefits, alternatives, and the right to refuse, documented in the chart before treatment begins.
- Motivational interviewing
- A patient-centered counseling style using open-ended questions, reflective listening, and affirmations to strengthen commitment to behavior change.
- Teach-back method
- A communication check in which the patient restates instructions in their own words to confirm understanding.
- Five A's for cessation
- A counseling framework: Ask about tobacco use, Advise quitting, Assess readiness, Assist with a plan, and Arrange follow-up.