ATPL Air Law (010) flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Chicago Convention Article 1

Each State has complete and exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above its territory, including territorial waters. This is the foundational principle of international air law.

ICAO Annex 2

Contains the Rules of the Air: general rules, visual flight rules, instrument flight rules, signals and interception. Applicable over the high seas and in most States' airspace.

Annex 13 sole objective

The sole objective of accident and incident investigation is the prevention of accidents and incidents, not the apportionment of blame or liability.

Standard vs Recommended Practice

A Standard is a binding specification whose uniform application is necessary for safety; a Recommended Practice is desirable but not mandatory. Differences from Standards must be filed with ICAO.

Certificate of Airworthiness

Document certifying the aircraft conforms to its approved type design and is safe to operate, subject to continuing airworthiness requirements and valid maintenance.

Aircraft nationality

An aircraft has the nationality of the State where it is registered. It can be registered in only one State at a time but may be transferred between registers.

ATPL minimum experience

1,500 hours total flight time, including 500 hours cross-country, 100 hours night, 75 hours instrument and 250 hours as pilot-in-command (or approved alternatives).

Class 1 medical validity

For commercial single-pilot operations: 12 months under age 40, 6 months from 40 to 59, and 4 months from age 60.

Right of way converging

When two aircraft of the same category converge at similar levels, the aircraft on the right has the right of way. The other must give way.

VMC minima below 10,000 ft

In classes B to E: 5 km flight visibility, 1,500 m horizontal distance from cloud and 300 m (1,000 ft) vertical distance from cloud.

Squawk 7700

SSR code selected to indicate a general emergency. ATC treats the flight as in distress and gives priority; pilots should also transmit MAYDAY.

Airspace Class D

IFR flights are separated from other IFR flights and receive traffic information about VFR flights. VFR flights receive traffic information and are not separated from each other.

NOTAM purpose

A notice distributed by means of telecommunication containing information on the establishment, condition or change of any facility, service, procedure or hazard essential to flight operations.

AIRAC cycle

Aeronautical information regulation and control cycle of 28 days; significant changes affecting charts and procedures become effective on published AIRAC dates.

Serious incident

An incident involving circumstances indicating a high probability of an accident, such as a near collision, hard landing, runway incursion or TCAS resolution advisory.

State of Occurrence

The State in whose territory an accident or incident occurs. It must institute an investigation and notify ICAO and other involved States.

General Declaration

A facilitation document listing crew, passengers and stores on board, presented to customs and immigration at arrival and departure.

Yellow fever certificate

International Certificate of Vaccination proving yellow fever immunisation, required by certain States for entry under the WHO International Health Regulations.

Annex 17

ICAO Annex covering Security: Safeguarding International Civil Aviation Against Acts of Unlawful Interference. Requires national security programmes and screening measures.

Hague Convention 1970

Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft; obliges States to extradite or prosecute persons who hijack aircraft.

Squawk 7500

SSR code indicating unlawful interference, such as a hijacking. ATC and security authorities are alerted; pilots should avoid revealing details on open radio.

EASA Part-FCL

EU regulation containing pilot licensing requirements, privileges, ratings, instructor certificates and medical requirements for EASA Member States.

EASA Part-145

EU regulation setting requirements for maintenance organisations performing maintenance on aircraft and components, including quality and personnel requirements.

Montreal Convention 1999

International treaty governing carrier liability for passenger injury, baggage and cargo damage and delay. Passenger injury limit is 128,821 SDR (2019 revision).

EU Regulation 261/2004

EU rule on compensation and assistance to passengers for denied boarding, cancellation or long delay. Compensation depends on distance and delay duration.

Tokyo Convention 1963

Convention on offences and certain other acts committed on board aircraft; gives the aircraft commander powers to restrain and disembark offenders.

Freedom of the air 5th

The right to carry traffic between two foreign States on a scheduled service originating or terminating in the home State. Requires bilateral agreement.

Annex 6 Part I

ICAO standards for operation of aircraft in international commercial air transport, covering AOC, crew, flight operations, maintenance and security.

Instrument rating validity

EASA instrument rating is valid 12 months; renewal requires proficiency check or approved refresher training and re-examination.

Interception signal follow me

The intercepting aircraft rocks its wings, normally from the left of the intercepted aircraft, to signal that it should follow and be escorted.

RVSM airspace

Reduced vertical separation minima applied between FL290 and FL410, using 1,000 ft vertical separation between approved aircraft with height-keeping capability.

AIP structure

Aeronautical Information Publication with GEN (general), ENR (en-route) and AD (aerodromes) sections; permanent information essential to flight operations.

Unlawful interference

Acts such as hijacking, sabotage, bomb threats or armed attacks against aircraft, airports or navigation facilities, covered by ICAO Annex 17 and the Tokyo, Hague and Montreal Conventions.