C2 Class Drone Characteristics and Operator Registration
C2 Class Drone Characteristics and Operator Registration
This domain tests two separate ideas that are often confused: what makes a drone class C2, and who must register as a UAS operator. C2 is the drone class that unlocks A2; registration is an operator duty that applies independently of the pilot's certificate.
C2 characteristics
A class C2 drone has a maximum take-off mass below 4 kg. It must have a selectable low-speed mode that limits maximum speed to 3 m/s, and it must have direct remote identification capability. The class marking is part of the drone's conformity; a drone does not become C2 merely because the pilot flies slowly. C2 is the normal equipment for A2 operations, where the 30 m/5 m distance rules apply.
Operator registration
The operator is the person or entity responsible for the operation; it may be the pilot, but it can also be a company or another person. Registration is mandatory for operators of UAS of 250 g or more, and for UAS fitted with a sensor that can capture personal data. A C2 drone is above 250 g, so registration is mandatory. The operator registers with the national aviation authority of the member state of residence or principal place of business and receives an operator registration number. The number must be affixed to the drone and entered into the remote identification system so that it is broadcast. Registration is not a pilot licence: the person flying still needs the A2 certificate.
Worked example
Maria buys a 3.5 kg C2 drone for A2 flights. Her friend will act as remote pilot. Maria registers as the operator, attaches the registration number to the drone and ensures remote ID broadcasts it. Her friend must hold the A2 certificate. If Maria also flies, she needs the A2 certificate as well. The registration follows the operator, not the individual flight.
Traps that cost marks
- Thinking each drone must be registered separately; the operator is registered.
- Assuming a 3.5 kg C2 is exempt because it is under 4 kg.
- Treating low-speed mode as a pilot technique rather than a C2 design requirement.
- Confusing class C2 with subcategory A2; C2 is the drone class, A2 is the operation.
- Believing operator registration replaces the A2 certificate.