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Part-66 Module 10 study materials
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Part-66 Module 10 practice questions

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Question 1Regulatory Framework

Within the regulatory framework for civil aviation, what is the principal function of ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs)?

  1. They are directly enforceable on all maintenance organisations without national adoption.
  2. They apply only to manufacturers and not to maintenance organisations.
  3. They set an international baseline that states implement through national rules. Correct answer.
  4. They replace the need for national airworthiness authorities.

Explanation

ICAO adopts SARPs as the international baseline for civil aviation safety and regularity. Contracting States are expected to implement them through their own national regulations and procedures.

Question 2Regulatory Framework

Which statement best describes the European Union aviation regulatory framework established around EASA?

  1. EASA directly issues every maintenance organisation approval in the member states.
  2. National authorities set independent airworthiness codes without harmonisation.
  3. EASA regulations apply only to commercial air transport operators, not maintenance organisations.
  4. EASA develops technical rules; national authorities perform much oversight. Correct answer.

Explanation

The EU framework harmonises aviation safety rules through EASA and implementing regulations. National competent authorities generally carry out operational oversight and approval tasks within their States.

Question 3Regulatory Framework

In the EU system, which body is normally responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a Part-145 maintenance organisation located in a member state?

  1. ICAO
  2. The member state's competent authority Correct answer.
  3. The European Commission in Brussels
  4. The aircraft manufacturer's design office

Explanation

Day-to-day oversight of approved maintenance organisations is normally delegated to the national competent authority of the member state concerned. EASA provides the harmonised rule framework rather than routine local oversight.

Question 4Regulatory Framework

Under Part-66, which licence category is primarily associated with certifying line maintenance on turbine-powered large aeroplanes?

  1. Category B1.1 Correct answer.
  2. Category A
  3. Category B2
  4. Category C

Explanation

Category B1.1 covers mechanical maintenance certification on turbine-powered aeroplanes. Category B2 is avionics-focused, Category C is associated with base maintenance certification, and Category A covers limited tasks.

Question 5Regulatory Framework

What is the main purpose of a Part-145 approval?

  1. To authorise the operation of commercial transport flights.
  2. To replace the aircraft certificate of airworthiness.
  3. To allow maintenance and release within an approved scope. Correct answer.
  4. To allow an organisation to design new aircraft types.

Explanation

A Part-145 approval authorises an organisation to perform maintenance and release aircraft or components within the scope of its approval. Design and flight operations are controlled under separate regulatory frameworks.

Question 6Regulatory Framework

Which function is performed by a continuing airworthiness management organisation (CAMO) under Part-M?

  1. It manages continuing airworthiness and the maintenance programme. Correct answer.
  2. It issues type certificates for aircraft designs.
  3. It approves airworthiness directives before they become mandatory.
  4. It physically performs all scheduled maintenance on the aircraft.

Explanation

A CAMO manages the continuing airworthiness of aircraft, including the maintenance programme and airworthiness data. Physical maintenance may be carried out by appropriately approved maintenance organisations.

Question 7Regulatory Framework

Under Part-21, how is a major modification to an aircraft type normally handled?

  1. It only requires a logbook entry by the pilot.
  2. It requires an approved design change, such as an STC. Correct answer.
  3. It may be embodied without approval if a service bulletin is issued.
  4. It is automatically covered by the original type certificate.

Explanation

A major modification changes the type design and therefore requires an approved design change, such as a supplemental type certificate or equivalent approval. A service bulletin alone does not constitute design approval.

Question 8Regulatory Framework

An airworthiness directive is issued for a known unsafe condition. What is the regulatory status of the AD for affected aircraft?

  1. It is advisory and may be deferred indefinitely by the operator.
  2. It applies only if the manufacturer agrees to fund the work.
  3. It becomes mandatory only after the next scheduled C-check.
  4. It is mandatory within the stated compliance time. Correct answer.

Explanation

An airworthiness directive is a mandatory airworthiness requirement for the affected aircraft, engines, or components. Compliance must be achieved within the time or conditions specified in the directive.

Question 9Regulatory Framework

How does a manufacturer's service bulletin normally differ from an airworthiness directive?

  1. It is always legally mandatory for all operators worldwide.
  2. It is advisory unless made mandatory by an AD or contract. Correct answer.
  3. It is issued by ICAO for all member states.
  4. It can only be issued after an AD has been withdrawn.

Explanation

A service bulletin is normally manufacturer-issued technical information and is not automatically mandatory. It can become mandatory when an airworthiness directive requires it or when contractual arrangements require compliance.

Question 10Regulatory Framework

What is the purpose of a Minimum Equipment List (MEL)?

  1. To permit operation with listed equipment inoperative under conditions. Correct answer.
  2. To permit removal of any item without authority approval.
  3. To list all maintenance tasks that must be completed before each flight.
  4. To replace the aircraft maintenance programme.

Explanation

A MEL allows an aircraft to be operated with specified equipment inoperative, subject to defined conditions and limitations. It is not a substitute for the maintenance programme or for authority approval processes.

Question 11Regulatory Framework

What does a Configuration Deviation List (CDL) permit?

  1. Operation with specified external parts missing, within approved limits. Correct answer.
  2. Deferral of all airworthiness directive compliance.
  3. Operation with any system component inoperative after a pilot's assessment.
  4. Changes to the aircraft type design without design approval.

Explanation

A CDL identifies external parts that may be missing and the associated limitations for operation. It does not cover arbitrary system failures or authorize changes to the approved type design.

Question 12Regulatory Framework

Which statement about a Certificate of Airworthiness is correct?

  1. It is issued by the maintenance organisation after a C-check.
  2. It certifies that the aircraft meets the operator's commercial schedule.
  3. The state of registry issues it when airworthiness requirements are met. Correct answer.
  4. It remains valid indefinitely regardless of maintenance.

Explanation

A Certificate of Airworthiness is issued by the State of Registry when the aircraft is shown to meet the applicable airworthiness requirements. It is not issued by a maintenance organisation and remains subject to continuing airworthiness requirements.

Question 13Regulatory Framework

What does a Certificate of Release to Service (CRS) signify?

  1. Maintenance is complete and the item is released as airworthy. Correct answer.
  2. The aircraft type design has been approved by the design authority.
  3. The operator's MEL has been approved by the competent authority.
  4. The aircraft has been sold to a new owner and transfer is complete.

Explanation

A CRS confirms that the required maintenance has been completed and the aircraft or component is considered ready for release to service. It does not approve designs, transfers of ownership, or MELs.

Question 14Regulatory Framework

Which document typically accompanies a newly overhauled component to confirm it has been released by an approved maintenance organisation?

  1. An EASA Form 1 authorised release certificate Correct answer.
  2. A pilot's logbook entry signed by the commander
  3. A type certificate data sheet issued for the type
  4. An airworthiness directive issued by the authority

Explanation

An authorised release certificate, such as an EASA Form 1, confirms that a component has been maintained and released by an approved organisation. It provides the traceability needed for installation on an aircraft.

Question 15Regulatory Framework

Under occurrence reporting requirements, when should a maintenance organisation report an occurrence?

  1. Never, because maintenance errors are confidential.
  2. Only after the aircraft has been involved in a reportable accident.
  3. When it involves a defined actual or potential unsafe condition. Correct answer.
  4. Only if the occurrence is reported by the media.

Explanation

Occurrence reporting covers events that have caused or could cause an unsafe condition, as defined by the applicable reporting rules. The purpose is to allow safety risks to be identified and addressed.

Question 16Regulatory Framework

What is the role of a Part-147 organisation?

  1. It operates commercial flights for training purposes.
  2. It provides approved maintenance training and exams. Correct answer.
  3. It issues airworthiness directives for training aircraft.
  4. It certifies aircraft as airworthy after major repairs.

Explanation

A Part-147 organisation is approved to provide maintenance training and examinations in accordance with the applicable requirements. It does not issue airworthiness directives or certify aircraft airworthiness.

Question 17Regulatory Framework

Under Part-66, what does an aircraft type rating on a maintenance licence authorise?

  1. Unlimited certification on all aircraft in the same category.
  2. Operation of the aircraft type in commercial service.
  3. Design approval for modifications to that type.
  4. Certification on that aircraft type within the licence category. Correct answer.

Explanation

A type rating endorses a Part-66 licence for certification activities on a specific aircraft type within the relevant licence category. It does not confer flight operating privileges or design approval authority.

Question 18Regulatory Framework

Which instrument establishes the basic European aviation safety framework and the role of EASA?

  1. Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 Correct answer.
  2. A manufacturer's maintenance manual
  3. Part-66
  4. ICAO Annex 8

Explanation

Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 is the basic regulation establishing the European aviation safety framework and the role of EASA. Part-66 and other parts are implementing rules under that framework.

Question 19Regulatory Framework

Which ICAO Annex deals specifically with the airworthiness of aircraft?

  1. Annex 8 Correct answer.
  2. Annex 17
  3. Annex 1
  4. Annex 2

Explanation

ICAO Annex 8 contains standards and recommended practices for the airworthiness of aircraft. Annex 1 covers personnel licensing, Annex 2 covers rules of the air, and Annex 17 covers security.

Question 20Regulatory Framework

Who is normally responsible for ensuring that an aircraft's maintenance programme is approved and complied with?

  1. The operator or its CAMO, as applicable Correct answer.
  2. ICAO acting directly
  3. The aircraft manufacturer acting alone
  4. The component overhaul shop acting alone

Explanation

The operator, often through a continuing airworthiness management organisation, is responsible for the maintenance programme and its compliance. Maintenance organisations perform the work but do not replace that continuing airworthiness responsibility.

Question 21Regulatory Framework

Before exercising certification privileges, a Part-66 licence holder must also...

  1. Hold the type rating and organisation authorisation. Correct answer.
  2. Hold a valid commercial pilot licence with instrument rating.
  3. Be employed by the aircraft manufacturer or design holder.
  4. Own the aircraft being maintained by the organisation.

Explanation

Certification privileges are exercised within the scope of the licence and the authorisation granted by the maintenance organisation. Where applicable, the relevant aircraft type rating must also be held.

Question 22Regulatory Framework

What is a key purpose of a Safety Management System in a maintenance organisation?

  1. To transfer safety responsibility to the aircraft operator.
  2. To identify and manage safety risks formally. Correct answer.
  3. To guarantee that no maintenance error can occur.
  4. To replace all regulatory oversight by the authority.

Explanation

A Safety Management System provides formal processes for identifying hazards, assessing risks, and managing safety performance. It supports regulatory oversight rather than replacing it.

Question 23Regulatory Framework

Who approves an operator's MEL, and what is its relationship to the master minimum equipment list (MMEL)?

  1. The manufacturer approves it without authority involvement; it may ignore the MMEL.
  2. The maintenance organisation approves it; it may be more restrictive only if the operator agrees.
  3. ICAO approves it; it must be identical to the MMEL.
  4. The competent authority approves it; it must not be less restrictive than the MMEL. Correct answer.

Explanation

An operator's MEL is approved by the competent authority and is based on the MMEL. It may be more restrictive than the MMEL but must not be less restrictive.

Question 24Regulatory Framework

Under Part-21, what is the purpose of a production organisation approval?

  1. To manufacture in conformity with approved design data. Correct answer.
  2. To authorise the issue of airworthiness directives.
  3. To allow an organisation to operate commercial flights.
  4. To permit maintenance without a Part-145 approval.

Explanation

A production organisation approval allows an organisation to manufacture products or parts in conformity with approved design data. It does not confer operating, maintenance, or airworthiness directive issuance privileges.

Question 25Regulatory Framework

A component is repaired using a method not in the approved maintenance data. What is normally required before it can be returned to service?

  1. Only a service bulletin from any operator.
  2. An approved repair scheme acceptable to the authority. Correct answer.
  3. No approval, provided the component is later tested.
  4. A verbal approval from the shift supervisor.

Explanation

Repairs outside approved maintenance data require an approved repair scheme or design change acceptable to the responsible authority or design approval holder. A later test alone does not provide the necessary approval.

Question 26Regulatory Framework

Under the EU regulatory framework, which Part sets out the requirements that an organisation must meet to be approved to perform maintenance on aircraft and components?

  1. Part-21
  2. Part-145 Correct answer.
  3. Part-66
  4. Part-147

Explanation

Part-145 contains the requirements for organisations seeking approval to maintain aircraft and components, covering facilities, personnel, procedures, records and quality. It is one of the annexes to the EU continuing airworthiness regulation. The other annexes address licensing of staff, training organisations and design/production respectively.

Question 27Regulatory Framework

Which ICAO Annex contains the Standards and Recommended Practices for personnel licensing, including the licensing of aircraft maintenance personnel?

  1. Annex 8
  2. Annex 6
  3. Annex 1 Correct answer.
  4. Annex 19

Explanation

Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention, Personnel Licensing, establishes the international framework for flight crew, air traffic controllers and maintenance personnel licensing. National and regional licensing systems, such as Part-66, are built to be consistent with it. The other annexes cover different subjects within the Convention.

Question 28Regulatory Framework

Under Part-145, for how long must an approved maintenance organisation retain maintenance records after the aircraft or component has been released to service?

  1. Three years Correct answer.
  2. One year
  3. Five years
  4. Six months

Explanation

Part-145 requires that records of maintenance carried out be kept for at least three years after the aircraft or component has been released to service. This period allows traceability to be demonstrated during audits, investigations and later maintenance. Records relating to specific tasks may sometimes need to be kept longer where other applicable requirements demand it, but three years is the Part-145 minimum.

Question 29Regulatory Framework

An applicant for a first category B1.1 licence has not attended a Part-147 approved basic training course. What practical maintenance experience on operating aircraft must normally be demonstrated?

  1. One year
  2. Eighteen months
  3. Three years Correct answer.
  4. Two years

Explanation

Part-66 sets the practical experience requirement for a first B1 licence at three years when the applicant has not completed an approved basic training course. The period is reduced to two years where a Part-147 basic training course has been completed, because the training already covers the theoretical knowledge element. The experience must be relevant to the category and include the range of tasks specified in the requirements.

Question 30Regulatory Framework

Which statement about an Airworthiness Review Certificate (ARC) for an aircraft is correct?

  1. It must be reissued after every line maintenance check carried out on the aircraft.
  2. It is issued by the manufacturer when the aircraft is first delivered to the operator.
  3. It replaces the Certificate of Airworthiness for the remaining life of the aircraft.
  4. It is issued after an airworthiness review of the aircraft and is normally valid for one year. Correct answer.

Explanation

An ARC is issued following an airworthiness review that confirms the aircraft's continuing airworthiness status, including compliance with the maintenance programme and applicable airworthiness directives. It has a limited validity, normally one year, after which a further review is required. It does not replace the Certificate of Airworthiness, which remains the primary airworthiness document.

Question 31Certifying Staff - Maintenance

What does the Certificate of Release to Service (CRS) confirm about an aircraft?

  1. That the operator's commercial requirements have been met
  2. That the required maintenance has been done Correct answer.
  3. That the next scheduled check has been planned
  4. That all parts used came from the manufacturer

Explanation

The CRS is the statement made by authorised certifying staff that the maintenance recorded has been properly carried out in accordance with approved data and that, in respect of that work, the aircraft is considered ready for release to service. It certifies the maintenance only, not operational, commercial or airworthiness-management matters.

Question 32Certifying Staff - Maintenance

After a base maintenance check on a large aeroplane, which licence category normally releases the aircraft to service?

  1. Category B2
  2. Category C Correct answer.
  3. Category B3
  4. Category A

Explanation

In base maintenance the aircraft-level CRS is issued by Category C certifying staff, who confirm that the check as a whole has been completed. The individual tasks within the check are certified by B1 and B2 staff supporting the release.

Question 33Certifying Staff - Maintenance

Which body issues a Part-66 aircraft maintenance licence?

  1. The manufacturer holding the type certificate
  2. The European Union Aviation Safety Agency in every case
  3. The Part-145 organisation employing the applicant
  4. The competent authority of the Member State Correct answer.

Explanation

Part-66 licences are issued by the competent authority designated by the Member State, which verifies eligibility, examines the applicant and maintains the licence record. EASA produces the rules but does not normally issue individual licences, and an employer has no power to issue them.

Question 34Certifying Staff - Maintenance

What is the minimum age for a person to be issued a Part-66 aircraft maintenance licence?

  1. 18 years Correct answer.
  2. 16 years
  3. 21 years
  4. 17 years

Explanation

Part-66 requires an applicant for an aircraft maintenance licence to be at least 18 years of age. This applies to the licence itself, irrespective of the category applied for.

Question 35Certifying Staff - Maintenance

Within a Part-145 organisation, who may issue a CRS?

  1. Any licensed engineer working for the operator
  2. Any holder of a valid Part-66 licence for the type
  3. Only managers named in the exposition
  4. Only persons authorised by that organisation Correct answer.

Explanation

Certification is issued on behalf of the organisation, so the person must hold a certification authorisation granted by that organisation within the limits of its approval. Holding a licence alone does not permit certification.

Question 36Certifying Staff - Maintenance

Which work may a Category B2 certifying staff member release?

  1. Structural repairs to primary airframe structure
  2. Avionics and electrical system tasks in their scope Correct answer.
  3. Complete base maintenance checks
  4. Engine overhaul in the engine shop

Explanation

Category B2 privileges cover avionics and electrical systems, including the certification of tasks and simple tests on those systems within the type rating and authorisation held. Airframe structural work belongs to B1 and whole-aircraft release after base maintenance to C.

Question 37Certifying Staff - Maintenance

A Category A licence holder works on line maintenance. What may that person certify?

  1. Any task on any type after a type course
  2. Minor line tasks within the authorisation Correct answer.
  3. Avionics tests needing specialist knowledge
  4. Base maintenance tasks done under supervision

Explanation

Category A privileges are limited to minor scheduled line maintenance and simple defect rectification, on the types listed and only within the limits set out in the certification authorisation. A Category A holder does not certify base maintenance or complex system tasks.

Question 38Certifying Staff - Maintenance

Which document certifies maintenance carried out on an aircraft component?

  1. An EASA Form 1 Correct answer.
  2. The certificate of registration
  3. The weighing report
  4. The aircraft technical log

Explanation

A component that has been maintained is released with an authorised release certificate, the EASA Form 1, issued by the organisation that did the work. The technical log covers the aircraft, not the individual component.

Question 39Certifying Staff - Maintenance

Certifying staff find a known defect that affects airworthiness and has not been rectified or deferred. What must they do?

  1. Issue the CRS and note the defect in the log
  2. Issue the CRS and tell the operator the next day
  3. Withhold the CRS until it is rectified or deferred Correct answer.
  4. Issue the CRS if the flight carries no passengers

Explanation

A CRS may only be issued when any known airworthiness concern has been resolved or formally deferred under approved documentation. If neither has happened, the aircraft must not be released.

Question 40Certifying Staff - Maintenance

A defect has been correctly deferred under the approved deferred defect schedule. What is the effect on release?

  1. The aircraft may not be released until it is cleared
  2. The aircraft may be released only with a permit to fly
  3. The aircraft may be released with the deferral recorded Correct answer.
  4. The aircraft may be released only if the authority agrees

Explanation

When a defect is deferred in accordance with the approved deferred defect documentation, the aircraft may be released provided the deferral, its limitations and its clearance interval are correctly recorded. No permit to fly or authority agreement is needed for a properly deferred item.

Question 41Certifying Staff - Maintenance

When an independent inspection (duplicate inspection) is required, which condition applies?

  1. A second competent person inspects and signs Correct answer.
  2. The inspection may be replaced by a second test
  3. One licensed person may do and inspect the task
  4. The inspection is repeated after every flight

Explanation

An independent inspection requires a second competent person, who did not perform the task, to inspect the work and sign for it independently. This prevents a single error from passing unnoticed on critical assemblies.

Question 42Certifying Staff - Maintenance

For how long must a Part-145 organisation keep its detailed maintenance records?

  1. Three years Correct answer.
  2. Two years
  3. One year
  4. Five years

Explanation

Part-145 requires detailed maintenance records to be retained for at least three years after the aircraft has been released to service. The records must be available to the competent authority on request.

Question 43Certifying Staff - Maintenance

What is meant by support staff in a Part-145 organisation?

  1. Staff who manage the quality system
  2. Staff supplied by the operator of the aircraft
  3. Staff who perform maintenance but do not certify Correct answer.
  4. Staff who only order and store parts

Explanation

Support staff are the personnel who carry out maintenance tasks under the control of the organisation without holding certification privileges. Their work must be checked and certified by authorised certifying staff.

Question 44Certifying Staff - Maintenance

In a Part-145 organisation, limited certifying staff may be authorised for aircraft that are...

  1. Registered outside the European Union
  2. Not used in commercial air transport Correct answer.
  3. Above 5,700 kg but not complex
  4. Used for commercial air transport with under 19 seats

Explanation

Part-145 permits limited certification authorisations for aircraft that are not used in commercial air transport, subject to conditions set out in the organisation's exposition. Commercial air transport aircraft must be certified by fully qualified certifying staff.

Question 45Certifying Staff - Maintenance

In base maintenance, when a Category C holder releases the aircraft, who certifies the individual tasks?

  1. The operator's airworthiness manager
  2. The quality manager of the organisation
  3. Suitably qualified B1 and B2 certifying staff Correct answer.
  4. The Category C holder alone, with no support

Explanation

Category C certification covers the check as a whole, but the individual tasks within it must be certified by B1 and B2 certifying staff holding the appropriate type authorisations. The Category C holder relies on that task-level certification when releasing the aircraft.

Question 46Certifying Staff - Maintenance

Which statement about a certification authorisation issued by a Part-145 organisation is correct?

  1. It is limited in scope and kept under review Correct answer.
  2. It remains valid indefinitely after issue
  3. It is issued directly by the competent authority
  4. It may be transferred to another organisation

Explanation

A certification authorisation defines exactly what the holder may certify and is issued against the organisation's procedures, with its scope and validity kept under review as competence and recency change. It is personal to the holder and to that organisation.

Question 47Certifying Staff - Maintenance

Under Part-ML, who may issue a CRS after pilot-owner maintenance?

  1. Only the competent authority of registry
  2. Only a Category C licence holder
  3. The pilot-owner, within the pilot-owner scope Correct answer.
  4. Only the manufacturer's approved agent

Explanation

For aircraft not used in commercial air transport, the pilot-owner may carry out the defined pilot-owner maintenance tasks and issue the CRS for that work. The privilege is confined to the listed tasks and to aircraft within the applicable scope.

Question 48Certifying Staff - Maintenance

When must a CRS be issued for an aircraft after maintenance?

  1. Within 24 hours of returning to service
  2. Only when the operator asks for a record
  3. Before the aircraft is released to service Correct answer.
  4. At the next scheduled maintenance check

Explanation

The CRS must exist before the aircraft is released to service following any maintenance that could affect airworthiness. Certification after the aircraft has flown would defeat the purpose of the release.

Question 49Certifying Staff - Maintenance

What is the main purpose of continuation training for certifying staff?

  1. To extend the licence to more types
  2. To certify without organisation approval
  3. To replace the need for recent experience
  4. To keep technology and rules current Correct answer.

Explanation

Continuation training keeps certifying staff up to date with new technology, changed procedures and revised regulations throughout their career. It supplements, but never replaces, type training, recent experience and the organisation's authorisation.

Question 50Certifying Staff - Maintenance

A holder of a valid Part-66 licence has neither performed nor certified maintenance on the type for three years. What is the position?

  1. The licence must be re-issued by the authority
  2. Recent experience must be regained first Correct answer.
  3. No action is needed because the licence has no expiry
  4. Only a type refresher course is required

Explanation

Certifying staff are expected to have exercised certification privileges for at least six months within the preceding two years. A three-year gap means the recency requirement is not met, so experience must be regained and competence re-established before certifying again.