EIKEN Grade Pre-2 Plus key terms

To understand something that is not stated directly by using clues in the text. In reading questions, a writer may ask what you can infer about a person's feelings or plans.

The most important point a passage makes about its topic. It is usually broader than a single detail and can often be found in the first or last paragraph.

A sentence that states the central point of a paragraph. It often appears at the beginning and helps the reader predict what the rest of the paragraph explains.

A fact, example, or reason that explains or proves the main idea. Details answer questions such as who, what, when, where, and why within a passage.

Information in the words or sentences around an unknown word that helps you guess its meaning. Examples, contrasts, and definitions in the sentence are common types of clues.

To express the same meaning using different words. Answer choices on reading tests often paraphrase a sentence from the passage rather than repeat it exactly.

To look over a text quickly while searching for one specific piece of information, such as a date, a price, or a name, without reading every word.

To read quickly to get the general subject or gist of a text without focusing on details. Skimming is useful before answering questions about a long passage.

A short written announcement that gives information to many people, such as a change of schedule or a safety warning. Notices often appear in reading sections as short texts.

A public or official statement that tells people about an event, a rule, or a change. In listening, announcements are often made in stations, schools, or stores.

A plan that shows the times when events, classes, or transport services happen. Reading and listening questions often ask you to compare a schedule with a person's plans.

The latest time or date by which something must be finished or handed in. Missing a deadline is a common topic in messages and school notices.

A polite act of asking someone to do something or to provide something. In the writing section, you may need to respond to a request in an email clearly and politely.

To say that you are sorry for a mistake, a delay, or a problem you caused. A good email of apology states the reason and often offers a solution.

A spoken or written offer asking someone to come to an event or take part in an activity. Invitations usually include the time, place, and a request for a reply.

A personal view or belief about something, which may be supported by reasons. The writing and speaking sections often ask you to state and support your opinion.

A fact or explanation that shows why you believe something or why something happened. Strong answers give at least one clear reason followed by an example.

A specific case used to explain or support a general statement. Adding a short personal example makes an opinion essay or spoken answer more convincing.

To have the same opinion as someone else, or to say yes to a suggestion. Opinion questions often ask whether you agree or disagree with a statement.

To like one thing more than another. Questions with prefer ask you to choose between two options and explain your choice with reasons.

To say what someone or something is like by giving details about appearance, actions, or features. In the speaking test, you describe what people are doing in an illustration.

A drawing or picture used in a test to show a scene. Candidates describe the people, objects, and actions in the picture and then answer related questions.

To tell what is happening in a scene or story in a clear order. Narrating a picture means saying who is doing what and where, using present continuous forms.

To say a written text so that others can hear it clearly. In the speaking test, read-aloud tasks check pronunciation, rhythm, and smooth delivery rather than speed.

The way in which a word or language is spoken, including the sounds used. Clear pronunciation, rather than a native accent, is what speaking tests usually evaluate.

The rise and fall of the voice when speaking. Intonation shows meaning and feeling, such as the difference between a statement and a yes-or-no question.

A conversation between two or more people. Listening sections often use short dialogues followed by a question about what one speaker means or will do next.

A person who is talking. Listening questions often ask what a speaker suggests, intends, or implies, so you must listen for attitude as well as facts.

The general meaning or main point of what someone says or writes. Listening for the gist means understanding the overall message before worrying about details.

A verb combined with a particle, such as put off or turn down, that has a meaning different from the verb alone. Phrasal verbs are common in everyday listening dialogues.

A group of words that native speakers commonly use together, such as make a decision or heavy rain. Knowing collocations helps you choose the natural word in vocabulary questions.

The form of a verb that shows when an action happens, such as past, present, or future. Grammar questions often test whether the tense matches time words in the sentence.

The rule that a verb must match its subject in number, for example she goes but they go. Errors often appear when words come between the subject and the verb.

A word such as who, which, or that used to connect a clause to a noun. It helps add information about a person or thing without starting a new sentence.

A sentence pattern that shows a result depending on a condition, often using if. The first conditional uses a present form with will, as in If it rains, we will stay home.

A sentence form in which the action is done to the subject, as in The window was broken. Passive sentences are common in notices and formal announcements.