EPA Lead Risk Assessor flashcards
EPA Lead Risk Assessor · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Section 1018 disclosure rule
- Sellers and landlords of pre-1978 housing must disclose known lead-based paint and hazards, provide the EPA pamphlet, and allow a 10-day period for a risk assessment or inspection.
- TSCA Section 402
- Requires EPA to establish training accreditation and certification requirements for lead-based paint activities, including abatement, inspection, and risk assessment in target housing and child-occupied facilities.
- Certification renewal interval
- EPA lead-based paint activity certifications, for individuals such as inspectors and risk assessors and for firms, expire every three years and require an accredited refresher course before renewal.
- HUD Lead Safe Housing Rule
- 24 CFR Part 35 governs lead hazard evaluation and control in federally owned or assisted pre-1978 housing and requires risk assessments where children under six reside.
- CDC blood lead reference value
- 3.5 micrograms per deciliter, the 97.5th percentile of blood lead in U.S. children aged 1 to 5, used to prioritize clinical and environmental follow-up rather than to define poisoning.
- ALAD inhibition
- Lead blocks aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and ferrochelatase in heme synthesis, raising protoporphyrin levels and producing microcytic hypochromic anemia.
- Childhood lead absorption rate
- Children absorb roughly 40 to 50 percent of ingested lead versus about 10 to 15 percent in adults, and iron or calcium deficiency further increases absorption.
- Most susceptible populations
- Children under six, fetuses and pregnant women, and occupationally exposed adults who may carry lead dust home; nutritional deficiency and pica behavior increase risk.
- XRF calibration check
- Instrument response is verified with a NIST-traceable reference material at the start and end of each day and after every four hours of use, with results logged.
- Federal lead-based paint definition
- Paint containing 1.0 milligram of lead per square centimeter by XRF, or 0.5 percent lead by weight in a paint chip; either criterion classifies the component as positive.
- Inconclusive XRF reading
- A result near the 1.0 milligram per square centimeter threshold requires two additional readings, and the mean of the three readings determines the classification.
- Paint chip sampling method
- All paint layers are removed to bare substrate over a measured area, the entire chip is collected, and the laboratory reports percent lead by weight using AAS or ICP.
- XRF substrate correction
- Subtraction of the background lead signal contributed by the underlying substrate, required on drywall, plaster, brick, concrete, and metal to avoid falsely elevated paint readings.
- Dust clearance standards
- Post-abatement dust-lead limits of 40 micrograms per square foot on floors, 250 on interior window sills, and 400 in window troughs.
- Soil lead hazard levels
- Bare soil at 400 parts per million or more in play areas, or 1,200 parts per million averaged in other bare areas, constitutes a soil-lead hazard.
- Water lead action level
- 15 parts per billion (0.015 milligrams per liter), determined from a first-draw one-liter sample collected after at least six hours of stagnation without flushing.
- Composite wipe sampling
- Wiping several similar surfaces of the same component type with one wipe to produce an averaged result; acceptable for evaluation but not valid for clearance.
- NLLAP laboratory accreditation
- EPA's National Lead Laboratory Accreditation Program recognizes laboratories that pass proficiency testing for lead in paint, dust, and soil; only accredited laboratories should be used.
- Risk assessment definition
- An on-site investigation combined with an occupant interview and environmental sampling to determine the presence, severity, and location of lead hazards and to recommend controls.
- Risk assessment report elements
- Address, dates, scope, sampling methods, all results including non-detects, hazard determination against standards, ranked recommendations, limitations, and the assessor's signature and certification number.
- Inspection versus risk assessment
- An inspection determines only whether lead-based paint is present and where; it does not sample dust, soil, or water or determine hazards and controls.
- Deteriorated paint definition
- Paint that is peeling, chipping, chalking, cracking, or otherwise separated from the substrate; when it contains lead it is automatically a paint hazard.
- Friction surface hazard
- Surfaces that rub against one another, such as window sashes and door jambs; lead-based paint on them is a hazard regardless of its visible condition.
- Chewable surface hazard
- Accessible surfaces a child can mouth, such as window sills, rails, and stair edges; lead-based paint on them is a hazard regardless of paint condition.
- Hazard ranking approach
- Hazards are ranked by condition severity, accessibility to children under six, pica behavior, magnitude of exceedance, and the number of affected components.
- Abatement definition
- Measures designed to permanently eliminate lead-based paint or lead hazards, including removal, component replacement, enclosure, encapsulation, and soil removal, followed by clearance.
- Interim controls definition
- Short-term measures that reduce but do not eliminate lead hazards, such as paint stabilization, specialized cleaning, friction and impact treatments, soil covering, and occupant education.
- Enclosure versus encapsulation
- Enclosure installs a rigid barrier over the painted surface; encapsulation uses a coating and is not permitted on friction, impact, or chewable surfaces.
- OSHA construction lead standard
- 29 CFR 1926.62 sets exposure monitoring, respiratory protection, personal hygiene, and medical surveillance duties for workers disturbing lead-based paint on construction sites.
- Chain of custody record
- Documentation of sample identity, location, collection date and time, collector, and signed transfers; breaks in the record can invalidate the analytical results.
- Field blank purpose
- A blank sample carried through collection and analysis that detects contamination introduced during handling and helps verify the overall quality of the data set.
- Conflict of interest disclosure
- A risk assessor with a financial interest in the property or in the recommended abatement must disclose it in writing; assessment and abatement are best kept separate.