Signals and Road Markings: The Language of the Lane
Traffic signals and markings tell you where and when to act, complementing the what of signs. Learn the solid versus broken line distinction first: a solid white line must not be crossed; a broken white line may be crossed to change lanes or overtake when safe. A double solid line on your side forbids crossing; a broken line beside a solid line lets the side with the broken line cross.
Signal phases: a steady red means stop behind the stop line; a flashing red (where used) means stop, then proceed when clear; a steady amber means stop unless stopping is unsafe; green means go if the way is clear. A flashing amber warns of a hazard or an uncontrolled junction. Green arrow signals give a protected movement - but only in the direction shown.
Traps to watch: questions that ask whether you may turn right on red (in Ethiopia you must wait for a green unless a sign or signal permits otherwise); confusing a yellow box junction (do not enter unless your exit is clear, except to turn right) with a normal junction; and treating a pedestrian crossing marking as advisory when it is mandatory to give way to a pedestrian on it.
Rule of thumb: markings are law, not advice. If a line is solid, treat it as a wall; if it is broken, treat it as a door you may open only when it is safe.